Comparison · NCT04789499-deaths
Theophylline vs Placebo: deaths from any cause
Calculated by ConductScience from the counts the trial posted to ClinicalTrials.gov.
2 sourcestrial-comparisons-2026-03-23-0.1.0
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ConductScience Library. Theophylline vs Placebo: deaths from any cause. Trial comparisons, record NCT04789499-deaths. Release trial-comparisons-2026-03-23-0.1.0, 23 Mar 2026. https://conductscience.org/library/comparisons/NCT04789499-deaths
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Measures6
Calculated by ConductScience from the counts the trial posted to ClinicalTrials.gov.
| Measure | Value | 95% interval, lower | 95% interval, upper | Method | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk in group 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.129 | wilson | |
| Risk in group 2 | 0 | 0.0000000000000000139 | 0.133 | wilson | |
| Risk difference, group 1 minus group 2 | 0 | -0.133 | 0.129 | newcombe hybrid score | |
| Risk ratio, group 1 over group 2 | log | a group has no participants with the outcome | |||
| Odds ratio, group 1 over group 2 | log | a cell of the two-by-two table is zero | |||
| Number needed to harm | from the risk difference interval | the two groups' risks are equal |
Source ClinicalTrials.gov
Groups2
Group 2 names the comparator: placebo.
| Group | Title | Description | With the outcome | Analysed | ClinicalTrials.gov code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group 1 | Theophylline | 400mg theophylline capsule diluted in 240 mL isotonic nasal saline lavage twice daily.~Theophylline Powder: Theophylline is a known phosphodiesterase inhibitor in the treatment of asthma. Evidence for post-viral olfactory dysfunction suggests sensory axonal regeneration and olfactory signaling may rely on elevated levels of secondary messengers cAMP and cGMP, a known effect of theophylline. Therefore it is hypothesized to help treat COVID-related smell dysfunction, especially if delivered intranasally.~Twice daily nasal irrigation with 400 mg theophylline capsules and USP Grade Sodium Chloride \& Sodium Bicarbonate Mixture (pH balanced, Isotonic \& Preservative \& Iodine Free) commercially prepared packets dissolved in 240 ml of distilled water. | 0 | 26 | EG000 |
| Group 2 | Placebo | 500mg lactose capsule diluted in 240 mL isotonic nasal saline lavage twice daily.~Theophylline Powder: Theophylline is a known phosphodiesterase inhibitor in the treatment of asthma. Evidence for post-viral olfactory dysfunction suggests sensory axonal regeneration and olfactory signaling may rely on elevated levels of secondary messengers cAMP and cGMP, a known effect of theophylline. Therefore it is hypothesized to help treat COVID-related smell dysfunction, especially if delivered intranasally.~Twice daily nasal irrigation with 400 mg theophylline capsules and USP Grade Sodium Chloride \& Sodium Bicarbonate Mixture (pH balanced, Isotonic \& Preservative \& Iodine Free) commercially prepared packets dissolved in 240 ml of distilled water. | 0 | 25 | EG001 |
Source ClinicalTrials.gov
Harm
- What it counts
- Total, all-cause mortality
- Time frame
- All participants were monitored for adverse events throughout participation in the study intervention (week 1 through week 6).
Source ClinicalTrials.gov
Trial
- Title
- Smell in Covid-19 and Efficacy of Nasal Theophylline
- NCT number
- NCT04789499
- Phases
- PHASE2
- Conditions
- Covid19, Anosmia, Olfactory Disorder, Covid-19 Pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Hyposmia, Ageusia, Hypogeusia
- Interventions
- Theophylline Powder, Placebo Comparator
- Lead sponsor
- Washington University School of Medicine
- Results first posted
- 2023-05-24
- Results on ClinicalTrials.gov
- https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04789499?tab=results
Source ClinicalTrials.gov
Source
- Release
- trial-comparisons-2026-03-23-0.1.0
- Release manifest SHA-256
- f66225897fbf258b57ea10bdacfd0347d3cdfda93f7f5685234b7e06ea36fa57
- AACT copy
- 2026-03-23
- Tables read
- outcome_counts.parquet, outcome_measurements.parquet, outcomes.parquet, reported_event_totals.parquet, reported_events.parquet, result_groups.parquet, studies.parquet, ctgov_trial.parquet
Source ClinicalTrials.gov
Sources 2
- ClinicalTrials.gov's posted results, through CTTI's AACTFreely available. Acknowledgement requested
- ClinicalTrials.govNo license stated
Each source's terms
- ClinicalTrials.gov's posted results, through CTTI's AACTClinicalTrials.gov data via Aggregate Analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov (AACT), CTTI. CTTI makes its materials freely available and requests acknowledgement. https://aact.ctti-clinicaltrials.org/documentation/299
- ClinicalTrials.govnone stated
ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions. The measures are ConductScience's calculation from them.
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