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Paper · 199846

Are endogenous C-type viruses involved in the immune system?

Moroni C and 1 other. Nature, 1977. Cited by 56 papers, by iCite.

11 sourcespapers-2026-11-12-0.1.0

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ConductScience Library. Are endogenous C-type viruses involved in the immune system? Papers, record 199846. Release papers-2026-11-12-0.1.0, 12 Nov 2026. https://conductscience.org/library/papers/199846

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Paper

PubMed's record of the paper, with iCite's citation figures. No abstract is shown.

Title
Are endogenous C-type viruses involved in the immune system?
PubMed
Journal
Nature
PubMed
Year
1977
PubMed
Publication types
Journal Article
PubMed
Citations, by iCite
56
iCite
Relative citation ratio, by iCite
1.54
iCite
Revised in PubMed
2026-10-10
PubMed

Authors2

The authors in the order PubMed's record lists them, with the ORCID iDs it states.

OrderAuthorForenameKindORCID iD
1Moroni CC
2Schumann GG

Source PubMed

Topics8

NLM's MeSH indexing of the paper, its major topics first.

MeSH termMajor
Antibodies, ViralMajor topic
Antibody FormationMajor topic
Genes, ViralMajor topic
RetroviridaeMajor topic
SpleenMajor topic
Antigen-Antibody Reactions
Cells, Cultured
Immunosuppression Therapy

Source PubMed

Grants0

Each grant PubMed's record writes, matched to the NIH project NIH's grant and paper links name for this paper, and each of those links the record does not write.

None in this release.

Trials0

The trials whose ClinicalTrials.gov record lists the paper, and the trial numbers the paper's PubMed record names.

None in this release.

Comments and corrections0

PubMed's comments and corrections, NLM's own indexing: retractions first, then expressions of concern, errata and updates, and comments last.

None in this release.

References12

The papers the reference list in PubMed's record names, those in our copy of PubMed, in the list's order.

OrderPMIDTitleJournalYearIn PapersSource
147,632Induction of endogenous murine C-type virus in spleen cell cultures treated with mitogens and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A1975https://conductscience.org/library/papers/47632PubMed
24,356,281Xenotropic viruses: murine leukemia viruses associated with NIH Swiss, NZB, and other mouse strains.Science1973https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4356281PubMed
3176,273Release of xenotropic type C RNA virus in response to lipopolysaccharide: acitivity of lipid-A portion upon B lymphocytes.J Immunol1976https://conductscience.org/library/papers/176273PubMed
46,034,749Immunization of dissociated spleen cell cultures from normal mice.J Exp Med1967https://conductscience.org/library/papers/6034749PubMed
55,866,316A method of increased sensitivity for detecting single antibody-forming cells.Nature1965https://conductscience.org/library/papers/5866316PubMed
6194,404Mitogen induction of murine C-type viruses. III. Effect of culture conditions, age, and genotype.Virology1977https://conductscience.org/library/papers/194404PubMed
746,591Lipopolysaccharide induces C-type virus in short term cultures of BALB/c spleen cells.Nature1975https://conductscience.org/library/papers/46591PubMed
8176,274Mitogen induction of murine C-type viruses. I. Analysis of lymphoid cell subpopulations.J Immunol1976https://conductscience.org/library/papers/176274PubMed
960,824Mitogen induction of murine C-type viruses. II. Effect of B-lymphocyte mitogens.Virology1976https://conductscience.org/library/papers/60824PubMed
104,325,132A major genetic locus affecting resistance to infection with murine leukemia viruses. I. Tissue culture studies of naturally occurring viruses.J Exp Med1971https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4325132PubMed

1 to 10 of 12

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Cited by15

The papers in our copy of PubMed whose reference list names this one, newest first. iCite, which reads more sources, counts 56 citations.

PMIDTitleJournalYearIn PapersSource
17,987,132Induced prion protein controls immune-activated retroviruses in the mouse spleen.PLoS One2007https://conductscience.org/library/papers/17987132PubMed
7,288,364Low-calorie diet selectively reduces expression of retroviral envelope glycoprotein gp70 in sera of NZB x NZW F1 hybrid mice.J Exp Med1981https://conductscience.org/library/papers/7288364PubMed
7,057,139Murine serum glycoprotein gp70 behaves as an acute phase reactant.J Exp Med1982https://conductscience.org/library/papers/7057139PubMed
6,973,001Multiple activities of a cloned cell line mediating natural killer cell function.J Exp Med1981https://conductscience.org/library/papers/6973001PubMed
6,966,399Antibody directed against Friend leukemia virus stimulates DNA synthesis in a subpopulation of mouse B lymphocytes.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A1980https://conductscience.org/library/papers/6966399PubMed
6,933,484Cellular and molecular basis of the increased splenic hemopoiesis in mice treated with bacterial cell wall components.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A1980https://conductscience.org/library/papers/6933484PubMed
6,932,389High titres of antibody to murine leukaemia virus in lymphocyte (Ly) alloantisera.Immunogenetics1980https://conductscience.org/library/papers/6932389PubMed
6,271,666Characterization of the bone marrow cell population expressing an AKR murine leukaemia-virus gp71-like antigen.Immunology1981https://conductscience.org/library/papers/6271666PubMed
6,189,943Endogenous retrovirus expression in stimulated murine lymphocytes. Identification of a new locus controlling mitogen induction of a defective virus.J Exp Med1983https://conductscience.org/library/papers/6189943PubMed
6,159,025Human leukemia viruses? RNA tumor viruses, human malignancies, and concepts of viral carcinogenesis.Blut1980https://conductscience.org/library/papers/6159025PubMed

1 to 10 of 15

See all 15 cited by

Genes0

The genes the Gene search release ties to the paper: Swiss-Prot's references first, then PubTator's text mining.

None in this release.

Drugs0

The drugs whose trials, in the Pipelines release, list the paper.

None in this release.

Data0

The data bank entries PubMed's record names. Trial numbers are under Trials.

None in this release.

Data dates

The date of each source this release read.

PubMed
2026-11-06
PubMed
iCite
2026-11-05
iCite
PMC's ID file
2026-11-05
PMC's ID file
NIH RePORTER's grant and paper links
2026-11-01
NIH RePORTER's grant and paper links
Trials
2026-11-12
Gene search
2026-11-11
Pipelines
2026-09-18

Sources 11

  • ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0
  • ClinicalTrials.govNo license stated
  • HGNCCC0
  • iCiteCC BY 4.0
  • NCBI GenePublic domain (US government)
  • NIH RePORTER's grant and paper linksPublic domain
  • Open TargetsCC0 1.0
  • PMC's ID filePublic domain (US government)
  • PubMedNLM's terms
  • PubTator 3Public domain
  • UniProtCC BY 4.0
Each source's terms
  • ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0, for the parts from ChEMBL. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
  • ClinicalTrials.govnone stated
  • HGNCCC0: https://www.genenames.org/about/license/
  • iCiteCC BY 4.0
  • NCBI GeneNone named for the file. NCBI says information created by or for the US government on its site is in the public domain, and asks that NLM be acknowledged: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
  • NIH RePORTER's grant and paper linksPublic domain (NIH RePORTER)
  • Open TargetsCC0 1.0. Open Targets asks that users cite its latest paper: Buniello et al. 2025, Open Targets Platform: facilitating therapeutic hypotheses building in drug discovery, Nucleic Acids Research 53(D1):D1467, PMID 39657122. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
  • PMC's ID fileNone named for the file. NCBI says information created by or for the US government on its site is in the public domain, and asks that NLM be acknowledged: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
  • PubMedNLM's terms
  • PubTator 3Public domain
  • UniProtCC BY 4.0. UniProt's licence file: "All databases and documents in the UniProt FTP directory may be copied and redistributed freely, without advance permission, provided that this copyright statement is reproduced with each copy." UniProt asks that users cite its latest paper: The UniProt Consortium, UniProt: the Universal Protein Knowledgebase in 2025, Nucleic Acids Research 53:D609-D617, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkae1010. Read on 9 Nov 2026 at https://www.uniprot.org/help/license

ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.

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