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Paper · 4530274

Evidence that tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin act at a metal cation binding site in the sodium channels of nerve membrane.

Henderson R and 2 others. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1974. Cited by 128 papers, by iCite.

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ConductScience Library. Evidence that tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin act at a metal cation binding site in the sodium channels of nerve membrane. Papers, record 4530274. Release papers-2026-11-12-0.1.0, 12 Nov 2026. https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4530274

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Paper

PubMed's record of the paper, with iCite's citation figures. No abstract is shown.

Title
Evidence that tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin act at a metal cation binding site in the sodium channels of nerve membrane.
PubMed
Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed
Year
1974
PubMed
Publication types
Journal Article
PubMed
Citations, by iCite
128
iCite
Relative citation ratio, by iCite
3.6
iCite
Revised in PubMed
2019-05-01
PubMed

Authors3

The authors in the order PubMed's record lists them, with the ORCID iDs it states.

OrderAuthorForenameKindORCID iD
1Henderson RR
2Ritchie JMJ M
3Strichartz GRG R

Source PubMed

Topics17

NLM's MeSH indexing of the paper, its major topics first.

MeSH termMajor
Olfactory NerveMajor topic
SaxitoxinMajor topic
TetrodotoxinMajor topic
Vagus NerveMajor topic
Animals
Binding Sites
Binding, Competitive
Calcium
Cations, Divalent
Cations, Monovalent
Fishes, Poisonous
In Vitro Techniques
Kinetics
Lithium
Membranes
Rabbits
Sodium

Source PubMed

Grants0

Each grant PubMed's record writes, matched to the NIH project NIH's grant and paper links name for this paper, and each of those links the record does not write.

None in this release.

Trials0

The trials whose ClinicalTrials.gov record lists the paper, and the trial numbers the paper's PubMed record names.

None in this release.

Comments and corrections0

PubMed's comments and corrections, NLM's own indexing: retractions first, then expressions of concern, errata and updates, and comments last.

None in this release.

References21

The papers the reference list in PubMed's record names, those in our copy of PubMed, in the list's order.

OrderPMIDTitleJournalYearIn PapersSource
14,703,563Solubilization and partial characterization of the tetrodotoxin binding component from nerve axons.Biochem Biophys Res Commun1973https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4703563PubMed
24,508,129The crystal and molecular structure of DIP-inhibited bovine trypsin at2.7Angstrom resolution.Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol1972https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4508129PubMed
35,641,636Charges and potentials at the nerve surface. Divalent ions and pH.J Gen Physiol1968https://conductscience.org/library/papers/5641636PubMed
45,315,827The permeability of the sodium channel to organic cations in myelinated nerve.J Gen Physiol1971https://conductscience.org/library/papers/5315827PubMed
54,509,325Partial characterization of a tetrodotoxin-binding component from nerve membrane.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A1972https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4509325PubMed
64,840,874Ion fluxes through the sodium channels of garfish olfactory nerve membranes.J Physiol1974https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4840874PubMed
711,947,059The effect of Ca(2+) on interaction of acetylcholinesterase with subcellular fractions of electric organ tissue from the electric eel.FEBS Lett1973https://conductscience.org/library/papers/11947059PubMed
85,860,225Actions of saxitoxin on peripheral neuromuscular systems.J Physiol1965https://conductscience.org/library/papers/5860225PubMed
94,521,201Sodium uptake associated with activation of action potential ionophores of cultured neuroblastoma and muscle cells.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A1973https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4521201PubMed
104,772,409The binding of labelled saxitoxin to the sodium channels in nerve membranes.J Physiol1973https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4772409PubMed

1 to 10 of 21

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Cited by45

The papers in our copy of PubMed whose reference list names this one, newest first. iCite, which reads more sources, counts 128 citations.

PMIDTitleJournalYearIn PapersSource
34,677,461Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels: A Prominent Target of Marine Toxins.Mar Drugs2021https://conductscience.org/library/papers/34677461PubMed
31,888,062Synthetic Approaches to Zetekitoxin AB, a Potent Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Inhibitor.Mar Drugs2019https://conductscience.org/library/papers/31888062PubMed
29,390,180Chemistry of a Unique Polyketide-like Synthase.J Am Chem Soc2018https://conductscience.org/library/papers/29390180PubMed
23,823,228Extracellular protons inhibit charge immobilization in the cardiac voltage-gated sodium channel.Biophys J2013https://conductscience.org/library/papers/23823228PubMed
23,535,394An overview on the marine neurotoxin, saxitoxin: genetics, molecular targets, methods of detection and ecological functions.Mar Drugs2013https://conductscience.org/library/papers/23535394PubMed
23,008,436Use-dependent block of the voltage-gated Na(+) channel by tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin: effect of pore mutations that change ionic selectivity.J Gen Physiol2012https://conductscience.org/library/papers/23008436PubMed
22,304,436Inhibition of copper uptake in yeast reveals the copper transporter Ctr1p as a potential molecular target of saxitoxin.Environ Sci Technol2012https://conductscience.org/library/papers/22304436PubMed
20,390,102The tetrodotoxin binding site is within the outer vestibule of the sodium channel.Mar Drugs2010https://conductscience.org/library/papers/20390102PubMed
8,384,241Divalent cation competition with [3H]saxitoxin binding to tetrodotoxin-resistant and -sensitive sodium channels. A two-site structural model of ion/toxin interaction.J Gen Physiol1993https://conductscience.org/library/papers/8384241PubMed
8,179,845Structure, function and expression of voltage-dependent sodium channels.Mol Neurobiol1993https://conductscience.org/library/papers/8179845PubMed

1 to 10 of 45

See all 45 cited by

Genes0

The genes the Gene search release ties to the paper: Swiss-Prot's references first, then PubTator's text mining.

None in this release.

Drugs0

The drugs whose trials, in the Pipelines release, list the paper.

None in this release.

Data0

The data bank entries PubMed's record names. Trial numbers are under Trials.

None in this release.

Data dates

The date of each source this release read.

PubMed
2026-11-06
PubMed
iCite
2026-11-05
iCite
PMC's ID file
2026-11-05
PMC's ID file
NIH RePORTER's grant and paper links
2026-11-01
NIH RePORTER's grant and paper links
Trials
2026-11-12
Gene search
2026-11-11
Pipelines
2026-09-18

Sources 11

  • ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0
  • ClinicalTrials.govNo license stated
  • HGNCCC0
  • iCiteCC BY 4.0
  • NCBI GenePublic domain (US government)
  • NIH RePORTER's grant and paper linksPublic domain
  • Open TargetsCC0 1.0
  • PMC's ID filePublic domain (US government)
  • PubMedNLM's terms
  • PubTator 3Public domain
  • UniProtCC BY 4.0
Each source's terms
  • ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0, for the parts from ChEMBL. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
  • ClinicalTrials.govnone stated
  • HGNCCC0: https://www.genenames.org/about/license/
  • iCiteCC BY 4.0
  • NCBI GeneNone named for the file. NCBI says information created by or for the US government on its site is in the public domain, and asks that NLM be acknowledged: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
  • NIH RePORTER's grant and paper linksPublic domain (NIH RePORTER)
  • Open TargetsCC0 1.0. Open Targets asks that users cite its latest paper: Buniello et al. 2025, Open Targets Platform: facilitating therapeutic hypotheses building in drug discovery, Nucleic Acids Research 53(D1):D1467, PMID 39657122. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
  • PMC's ID fileNone named for the file. NCBI says information created by or for the US government on its site is in the public domain, and asks that NLM be acknowledged: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
  • PubMedNLM's terms
  • PubTator 3Public domain
  • UniProtCC BY 4.0. UniProt's licence file: "All databases and documents in the UniProt FTP directory may be copied and redistributed freely, without advance permission, provided that this copyright statement is reproduced with each copy." UniProt asks that users cite its latest paper: The UniProt Consortium, UniProt: the Universal Protein Knowledgebase in 2025, Nucleic Acids Research 53:D609-D617, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkae1010. Read on 9 Nov 2026 at https://www.uniprot.org/help/license

ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.

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