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Paper6961

The electrochemical gradient of protons and its relationship to active transport in Escherichia coli membrane vesicles.

Ramos S and 2 others. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1976. Cited by 300 papers, by iCite.

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ConductScience Library. The electrochemical gradient of protons and its relationship to active transport in Escherichia coli membrane vesicles. Papers, record 6961. Release papers-2026-11-12-0.1.0, 12 Nov 2026. https://conductscience.org/library/papers/6961

Paper

PubMed's record of the paper, with iCite's citation figures. No abstract is shown.

Title
The electrochemical gradient of protons and its relationship to active transport in Escherichia coli membrane vesicles.
PubMed
Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed
Year
1976
PubMed
Publication types
Journal Article
PubMed
Citations, by iCite
300
iCite
Relative citation ratio, by iCite
8.7
iCite
Revised in PubMed
2019-05-01
PubMed

Authors3

The authors in the order PubMed's record lists them, with the ORCID iDs it states.

OrderAuthorForenameKindORCID iD
1Ramos SS
2Schuldiner SS
3Kaback HRH R

Source PubMed

Topics11

NLM's MeSH indexing of the paper, its major topics first.

MeSH termMajor
Escherichia coliMajor topic
Acetates
Biological Transport, Active
Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone
Cell-Free System
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Membrane Potentials
Membranes
Nigericin
Protons
Valinomycin

Source PubMed

References24

The papers the reference list in PubMed's record names, those in our copy of PubMed, in the list's order.

OrderPMIDTitleJournalYearIn PapersSource
11,089,658Accumulation of lipid-soluble ions and of rubidium as indicators of the electrical potential in membrane vesicles of Escherichia coli.J Biol Chem1975https://conductscience.org/library/papers/1089658PubMed
21,092,688Localization of D-lactate dehydrogenase in native and reconstituted Escherichia coli membrane vesicles.J Biol Chem1975https://conductscience.org/library/papers/1092688PubMed
313,654,506Calculation of intracellular pH from the distribution of 5,5-dimethyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione (DMO); application to skeletal muscle of the dog.J Clin Invest1959https://conductscience.org/library/papers/13654506PubMed
413,771,349Coupling of phosphorylation to electron and hydrogen transfer by a chemi-osmotic type of mechanism.Nature1961https://conductscience.org/library/papers/13771349PubMed
6171,661Reversible effects of chaotropic agents on the proton permeability of Escherichia coli membrane vesicles.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A1975https://conductscience.org/library/papers/171661PubMed
7172,125Membrane potential and active transport in membrane vesicles from Escherichia coli.Biochemistry1975https://conductscience.org/library/papers/172125PubMed
8174,094Energy-dependent binding of dansylgalactoside to the lac carrier protein: direct binding measurements.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A1976https://conductscience.org/library/papers/174094PubMed
9241,748The measurement of transmembrane electrochemical proton gradients.J Bioenerg1975https://conductscience.org/library/papers/241748PubMed
104,261,111Conservation and transformation of energy by bacterial membranes.Bacteriol Rev1972https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4261111PubMed
114,268,692Performance and conservation of osmotic work by proton-coupled solute porter systems.J Bioenerg1973https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4268692PubMed
124,316,677Relationship of a membrane-bound D-(-)-lactic dehydrogenase to amino acid transport in isolated bacterial membrane preparations.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A1970https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4316677PubMed
134,325The proton electrochemical gradient in Escherichia coli cells.Eur J Biochem1976https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4325PubMed
144,330,145Transient pH changes during D-lactate oxidation by membrane vesicles.Biochem Biophys Res Commun1971https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4330145PubMed
154,344,983Mechanisms of active transport in isolated bacterial membrane vesicles. 8. The transport of amino acids by membranes prepared from Escherichia coli.J Biol Chem1972https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4344983PubMed
164,363,926Evaluation of the chemiosmotic interpretation of active transport in bacterial membrane vesicles.Ann N Y Acad Sci1974https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4363926PubMed
174,527,943Probing membrane transport mechanisms with inophores.Ann N Y Acad Sci1974https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4527943PubMed
184,578,444Role of an electrical potential in the coupling of metabolic energy to active transport by membrane vesicles of Escherichia coli.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A1973https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4578444PubMed
194,581,579Transport across isolated bacterial cytoplasmic membranes.Biochim Biophys Acta1972https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4581579PubMed
204,597,558Mechanisms of active transport in isolated bacterial membrane vesicles. 18. The mechanism of action of carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone.Arch Biochem Biophys1974https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4597558PubMed
214,620,043Transport studies in bacterial membrane vesicles.Science1974https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4620043PubMed

See all 24 references

Cited by95

The papers in our copy of PubMed whose reference list names this one, newest first. iCite, which reads more sources, counts 300 citations.

PMIDTitleJournalYearIn PapersSource
42,565,891Regulation of Escherichia coli fermentation processes: from molecular mechanisms to smart industrial practice.Arch Microbiol2026https://conductscience.org/library/papers/42565891PubMed
39,939,291Identification and Characterization of a Novel d-Branched-Chain Amino Acids Importer from Lactobacillus fermentum.Chembiochem2025https://conductscience.org/library/papers/39939291PubMed
35,918,457Structure and mechanism of membrane transporters.Sci Rep2022https://conductscience.org/library/papers/35918457PubMed
34,421,870Understanding Beta-Lactam-Induced Lysis at the Single-Cell Level.Front Microbiol2021https://conductscience.org/library/papers/34421870PubMed
33,485,965Zinc transporters and their functional integration in mammalian cells.J Biol Chem2021https://conductscience.org/library/papers/33485965PubMed
32,108,171H. Ronald Kaback 1936-2019.Nat Struct Mol Biol2020https://conductscience.org/library/papers/32108171PubMed
31,889,006The proton electrochemical gradient induces a kinetic asymmetry in the symport cycle of LacY.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A2020https://conductscience.org/library/papers/31889006PubMed
31,570,504Serotonin transport in the 21st century.J Gen Physiol2019https://conductscience.org/library/papers/31570504PubMed
31,147,449It takes two to tango: The dance of the permease.J Gen Physiol2019https://conductscience.org/library/papers/31147449PubMed
31,083,648Structures suggest a mechanism for energy coupling by a family of organic anion transporters.PLoS Biol2019https://conductscience.org/library/papers/31083648PubMed
31,000,597Electrically induced bacterial membrane-potential dynamics correspond to cellular proliferation capacity.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A2019https://conductscience.org/library/papers/31000597PubMed
30,792,352Arg302 governs the pKa of Glu325 in LacY.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A2019https://conductscience.org/library/papers/30792352PubMed
30,674,562Mentors: Ron Kaback.J Gen Physiol2019https://conductscience.org/library/papers/30674562PubMed
26,578,677RNA Futile Cycling in Model Persisters Derived from MazF Accumulation.mBio2015https://conductscience.org/library/papers/26578677PubMed
26,246,409Structural basis for the blockade of MATE multidrug efflux pumps.Nat Commun2015https://conductscience.org/library/papers/26246409PubMed
25,043,033Visualizing the kinetic power stroke that drives proton-coupled zinc(II) transport.Nature2014https://conductscience.org/library/papers/25043033PubMed
24,127,585Crystal structure of a glucose/H+ symporter and its mechanism of action.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A2013https://conductscience.org/library/papers/24127585PubMed
23,300,708Respiration and the F₁Fo-ATPase enhance survival under acidic conditions in Escherichia coli.PLoS One2012https://conductscience.org/library/papers/23300708PubMed
22,738,070Aspartate-histidine interaction in the retinal schiff base counterion of the light-driven proton pump of Exiguobacterium sibiricum.Biochemistry2012https://conductscience.org/library/papers/22738070PubMed
19,789,705Subcellular Min oscillations as a single-cell reporter of the action of polycations, protamine, and gentamicin on Escherichia coli.PLoS One2009https://conductscience.org/library/papers/19789705PubMed

See all 95 cited by

Data dates

The date of each source this release read.

PubMed
2026-11-06
PubMed
iCite
2026-11-05
iCite
PMC's ID file
2026-11-05
PMC's ID file
NIH RePORTER's grant and paper links
2026-11-01
NIH RePORTER's grant and paper links
Trials
2026-11-12
Gene search
2026-11-11
Pipelines
2026-09-18

None in this release

  • Grants
  • Trials
  • Comments and corrections
  • Genes
  • Drugs
  • Data

Sources 11

  • ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0
  • ClinicalTrials.govNo license stated
  • HGNCCC0
  • iCiteCC BY 4.0
  • NCBI GenePublic domain (US government)
  • NIH RePORTER's grant and paper linksPublic domain
  • Open TargetsCC0 1.0
  • PMC's ID filePublic domain (US government)
  • PubMedNLM's terms
  • PubTator 3Public domain
  • UniProtCC BY 4.0
Each source's terms
  • ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0, for the parts from ChEMBL. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
  • ClinicalTrials.govnone stated
  • HGNCCC0: https://www.genenames.org/about/license/
  • iCiteCC BY 4.0
  • NCBI GeneNone named for the file. NCBI says information created by or for the US government on its site is in the public domain, and asks that NLM be acknowledged: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
  • NIH RePORTER's grant and paper linksPublic domain (NIH RePORTER)
  • Open TargetsCC0 1.0. Open Targets asks that users cite its latest paper: Buniello et al. 2025, Open Targets Platform: facilitating therapeutic hypotheses building in drug discovery, Nucleic Acids Research 53(D1):D1467, PMID 39657122. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
  • PMC's ID fileNone named for the file. NCBI says information created by or for the US government on its site is in the public domain, and asks that NLM be acknowledged: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
  • PubMedNLM's terms
  • PubTator 3Public domain
  • UniProtCC BY 4.0. UniProt's licence file: "All databases and documents in the UniProt FTP directory may be copied and redistributed freely, without advance permission, provided that this copyright statement is reproduced with each copy." UniProt asks that users cite its latest paper: The UniProt Consortium, UniProt: the Universal Protein Knowledgebase in 2025, Nucleic Acids Research 53:D609-D617, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkae1010. Read on 9 Nov 2026 at https://www.uniprot.org/help/license

ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.

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