Smartphone-Delivered Attentional Bias Modification Training in Helping Patients Quit Smoking

NCT02224391, Not applicable, Completed, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; results first posted 2022-09-28

Trial 11

As registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, in the graph's capture of the registry.

Field	Value	Source
Title	Smartphone-Delivered Attentional Bias Modification Training in Helping Patients Quit Smoking	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT number	NCT02224391	ClinicalTrials.gov
Status	Completed	ClinicalTrials.gov
Phases	Not applicable	ClinicalTrials.gov
Enrollment	311 participants, actual	ClinicalTrials.gov
Lead sponsor	M.D. Anderson Cancer Center	ClinicalTrials.gov
Conditions	Current Every Day Smoker	ClinicalTrials.gov
Interventions	Computer-Assisted Smoking Cessation Intervention, Laboratory Biomarker Analysis, Nicotine Patch, Questionnaire Administration, Sham Intervention	ClinicalTrials.gov
First posted	2014-08-25	ClinicalTrials.gov
Last updated	2023-03-07	ClinicalTrials.gov
Results first posted	2022-09-28	ClinicalTrials.gov

Registered outcomes 7

Each outcome the trial registered, primary first, in ClinicalTrials.gov's words.

List	Outcome	Time frame	Description	Source
Primary	Modified Dot-probe Task	Up to 8 weeks post-training	Modified dot-probe task evaluated by using 2 (group: ABM vs. sham) X 3 (session: baseline, 1-day post-training, and 8-weeks post-training) linear mixed model using RT difference scores (neutral-cigarette) as the dependent measures and subject as the random effect.	ClinicalTrials.gov
Primary	Smoking Stroop Task	Up to 8 weeks post-training	The Stroop task will consist of three blocks, with a 5-s rest period between blocks: (a) practice (40 trials), (b) neutral words (80 trials), and (c) smoking words (80 trials). The score will be calculated by taking the mean RT difference between the smoking and neutral words on trials with correct responses within the response window.	ClinicalTrials.gov
Secondary	Cigarette Per Day (CPD)	Up to 8 weeks post-training	Mean number of cigarettes per day smoked for the seven days preceding each time point.	ClinicalTrials.gov
Secondary	Expired Carbon Monoxide (CO)	Up to 8 weeks post-training	Mean expired carbon monoxide, in ppm (parts per million), at each time point.	ClinicalTrials.gov
Secondary	Urinary Cotinine	Up to 8 weeks post-training	Mean urinary cotinine, measured in ng/mL, at each time point.	ClinicalTrials.gov
Secondary	Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND)	Up to 8 weeks post-training	The Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence, yes/no items are scored from 0 to 1 and multiple-choice items are scored from 0 to 3. The items are summed to yield a total score of 0-10. The higher the total Fagerström score, the more intense is the patient's physical dependence on nicotine. Mean Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) questionnaire score at each time point.	ClinicalTrials.gov
Secondary	Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale (WSWS) - Craving	Up to 8 weeks post-training	Mean Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale (WSWS) - Craving subscale score at each time point. Participants rate each item on a scale of 0-4 (0=Strongly disagree, 1=Disagree, 2=Feel neutral, 3=Agree, 4=Strongly agree). The subscale to each item is determined on how high they agree on the scale. Mean Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale (WSWS) - Craving subscale score at each time point. For some items, the subscale is determined on how low they agreed. Each score is determined by the mean of each item that applies. Higher means indicate greater withdrawal.	ClinicalTrials.gov

Outcomes 7

Each outcome the trial posted results for, in ClinicalTrials.gov's words.

Type	Outcome	Time frame	Units	Measured as	Source
PRIMARY	Modified Dot-probe Task	Up to 8 weeks post-training	milliseconds	LEAST_SQUARES_MEAN	ClinicalTrials.gov
PRIMARY	Smoking Stroop Task	Up to 8 weeks post-training	milisecond	LEAST_SQUARES_MEAN	ClinicalTrials.gov
SECONDARY	Cigarette Per Day (CPD)	Up to 8 weeks post-training	number of cigerettes	LEAST_SQUARES_MEAN	ClinicalTrials.gov
SECONDARY	Expired Carbon Monoxide (CO)	Up to 8 weeks post-training	Parts Per Million	LEAST_SQUARES_MEAN	ClinicalTrials.gov
SECONDARY	Urinary Cotinine	Up to 8 weeks post-training	ng/mL	LEAST_SQUARES_MEAN	ClinicalTrials.gov
SECONDARY	Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND)	Up to 8 weeks post-training	score on a scale	LEAST_SQUARES_MEAN	ClinicalTrials.gov
SECONDARY	Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale (WSWS) - Craving	Up to 8 weeks post-training	score on a scale	LEAST_SQUARES_MEAN	ClinicalTrials.gov

Results by group 42

Each measurement the trial posted, group by group, in the words and numbers it posted.

Outcome	Group	Category	Value	Spread	Units	Source
Modified Dot-probe Task	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	Baseline	5.49	Standard Error 0.99	milliseconds	ClinicalTrials.gov
Modified Dot-probe Task	Arm II: Sham Training	Baseline	7.49	Standard Error 1	milliseconds	ClinicalTrials.gov
Modified Dot-probe Task	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	1-day post-training	2.42	Standard Error 1.04	milliseconds	ClinicalTrials.gov
Modified Dot-probe Task	Arm II: Sham Training	1-day post-training	9.85	Standard Error 1.03	milliseconds	ClinicalTrials.gov
Modified Dot-probe Task	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	8-weeks post-training	4.94	Standard Error 1.19	milliseconds	ClinicalTrials.gov
Modified Dot-probe Task	Arm II: Sham Training	8-weeks post-training	9.48	Standard Error 1.14	milliseconds	ClinicalTrials.gov
Smoking Stroop Task	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	Baseline	-6.57	Standard Error 4.11	milisecond	ClinicalTrials.gov
Smoking Stroop Task	Arm II: Sham Training	Baseline	4.94	Standard Error 4.15	milisecond	ClinicalTrials.gov
Smoking Stroop Task	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	1-day post-training	-2.38	Standard Error 4.31	milisecond	ClinicalTrials.gov
Smoking Stroop Task	Arm II: Sham Training	1-day post-training	3.73	Standard Error 4.29	milisecond	ClinicalTrials.gov
Smoking Stroop Task	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	8-weeks post-training	-4.59	Standard Error 4.94	milisecond	ClinicalTrials.gov
Smoking Stroop Task	Arm II: Sham Training	8-weeks post-training	10.97	Standard Error 4.7	milisecond	ClinicalTrials.gov
Cigarette Per Day (CPD)	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	Baseline	18.1	Standard Error 0.8	number of cigerettes	ClinicalTrials.gov
Cigarette Per Day (CPD)	Arm II: Sham Training	Baseline	18.45	Standard Error 0.81	number of cigerettes	ClinicalTrials.gov
Cigarette Per Day (CPD)	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	1-day post-training	14.94	Standard Error 0.82	number of cigerettes	ClinicalTrials.gov
Cigarette Per Day (CPD)	Arm II: Sham Training	1-day post-training	14.78	Standard Error 0.83	number of cigerettes	ClinicalTrials.gov
Cigarette Per Day (CPD)	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	8-weeks post-training	8.29	Standard Error 0.9	number of cigerettes	ClinicalTrials.gov
Cigarette Per Day (CPD)	Arm II: Sham Training	8-weeks post-training	7.52	Standard Error 0.87	number of cigerettes	ClinicalTrials.gov
Expired Carbon Monoxide (CO)	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	Baseline	22.41	Standard Error 1.1	Parts Per Million	ClinicalTrials.gov
Expired Carbon Monoxide (CO)	Arm II: Sham Training	Baseline	22.27	Standard Error 1.11	Parts Per Million	ClinicalTrials.gov

Participant flow 6

How many started, completed or left each group, period by period.

Period	Milestone	Group	Participants	Source
Overall Study	STARTED	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	124	ClinicalTrials.gov
Overall Study	STARTED	Arm II: Sham Training	122	ClinicalTrials.gov
Overall Study	COMPLETED	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	92	ClinicalTrials.gov
Overall Study	COMPLETED	Arm II: Sham Training	98	ClinicalTrials.gov
Overall Study	NOT COMPLETED	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	32	ClinicalTrials.gov
Overall Study	NOT COMPLETED	Arm II: Sham Training	24	ClinicalTrials.gov

Adverse events 56

Each adverse event the trial posted, group by group: the participants affected out of those at risk.

Type	Event	Organ system	Group	Affected	At risk	Source
other	Abnormal dreams	Nervous system disorders	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	19	124	ClinicalTrials.gov
other	Abnormal dreams	Nervous system disorders	Arm II: Sham Training	19	122	ClinicalTrials.gov
other	Anxiety	Psychiatric disorders	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	1	124	ClinicalTrials.gov
other	Anxiety	Psychiatric disorders	Arm II: Sham Training	1	122	ClinicalTrials.gov
other	Arthralgia	Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	2	124	ClinicalTrials.gov
other	Arthralgia	Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders	Arm II: Sham Training	0	122	ClinicalTrials.gov
other	Back pain	Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	2	124	ClinicalTrials.gov
other	Back pain	Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders	Arm II: Sham Training	0	122	ClinicalTrials.gov
other	Concentration impairment	Nervous system disorders	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	1	124	ClinicalTrials.gov
other	Concentration impairment	Nervous system disorders	Arm II: Sham Training	0	122	ClinicalTrials.gov
other	Constipation	Gastrointestinal disorders	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	2	124	ClinicalTrials.gov
other	Constipation	Gastrointestinal disorders	Arm II: Sham Training	1	122	ClinicalTrials.gov
other	Cough	Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	0	124	ClinicalTrials.gov
other	Cough	Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders	Arm II: Sham Training	1	122	ClinicalTrials.gov
other	Depression	Psychiatric disorders	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	0	124	ClinicalTrials.gov
other	Depression	Psychiatric disorders	Arm II: Sham Training	1	122	ClinicalTrials.gov
other	Diarrhea	Gastrointestinal disorders	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	0	124	ClinicalTrials.gov
other	Diarrhea	Gastrointestinal disorders	Arm II: Sham Training	2	122	ClinicalTrials.gov
other	Dizziness	Nervous system disorders	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	5	124	ClinicalTrials.gov
other	Dizziness	Nervous system disorders	Arm II: Sham Training	3	122	ClinicalTrials.gov

Adverse event totals 6

The totals the trial posted for each group.

Total	Group	Affected	At risk	Source
Total, all-cause mortality	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	0	124	ClinicalTrials.gov
Total, all-cause mortality	Arm II: Sham Training	0	122	ClinicalTrials.gov
Total, other adverse events	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	60	124	ClinicalTrials.gov
Total, other adverse events	Arm II: Sham Training	67	122	ClinicalTrials.gov
Total, serious adverse events	Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training	4	124	ClinicalTrials.gov
Total, serious adverse events	Arm II: Sham Training	2	122	ClinicalTrials.gov

Papers 2

The papers the trial lists on ClinicalTrials.gov.

PMID	Listed as	Source
35025555	DERIVED	PubMed
38934914	DERIVED	PubMed

Trial comparisons 2

Comparisons of the trial's two groups, calculated by ConductScience from the counts it posted.

Comparison	Source
Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training vs Arm II: Sham Training: deaths from any cause	Trial comparisons
Arm I: Attention Bias Modification (ABM) Training vs Arm II: Sham Training: serious adverse events	Trial comparisons

Tests 2

The ConductCognition tests this trial's registered outcomes name, as ScienceGraph matched them in trial-tests-2026-11-12-0.2.1.

Test	Named as	Source
Dot-Probe Task	Primary outcome	ConductCognition
Stroop Color-Word Test	Primary outcome	ConductCognition

Source 4

Field	Value	Source
Release	trials-2026-11-12-0.3.0	ClinicalTrials.gov
Release manifest SHA-256	4a570df2e7274cee2d4fa2959402fab41880e2cd412e4b590390035fbea69391	ClinicalTrials.gov
Registry capture	2026-11-12	ClinicalTrials.gov
Results copy, AACT	2026-03-23	ClinicalTrials.gov

The same record as JSON

Release trials-2026-11-12-0.3.0

ClinicalTrials.gov's posted results, through CTTI's AACT: ClinicalTrials.gov data via Aggregate Analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov (AACT), CTTI. CTTI makes its materials freely available and requests acknowledgement. https://aact.ctti-clinicaltrials.org/documentation/299 ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.

ClinicalTrials.gov: none stated ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.