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Trial · NCT03932799

Registered outcomes18

Each outcome the trial registered, primary first, in ClinicalTrials.gov's words.

ListOutcomeTime frameDescription
PrimarySubacute Phase - More Than 7 Days of Opioids6-12 weeks after injuryMore than 7 unique days of opioids within the time period
PrimaryChronic Phase - Composite (Meeting ≥1 of the 3 Chronic Phase Metrics)3-6, 6-9, and 9-12 months after injuryAt least 1 instance of either chronic opioid prescribing, concurrent opioid and sedative prescribing, or high dose opioid prescribing attributed to a worker within the time period
PrimaryChronic Phase - Chronic Opioids (≥60 Days' Supply)3-6, 6-9, and 9-12 months after injury60 or more unique days of opioids within the time period
PrimaryChronic Phase - Concurrent (Concurrent Sedatives/Hypnotics and Opioids on ≥1 Day)3-6, 6-9, and 9-12 monthsAt least 1 overlapping day of both a sedative and an opioid within the time period
PrimaryChronic Phase - High Dose (Average of ≥50 Morphine Equivalent Daily Dose [MEDD] Among All Days With Opioids)3-6, 6-9, and 9-12 months after injuryMean MEDD of 50 or more during the days a worker received opioids (based on days' supply) within the time period
Secondary≥30% Decrease in Pain Intensity/Interference (PEG-3)12 months after injury
Clinically important improvement in pain intensity/interference defined as obtaining a ≥30% reduction in pain intensity and interference from baseline. This was assessed with the PEG-3, which is comprised of 3 items assessing pain intensity and pain interference with enjoyment of life/general activity on a 0 to 10 numerical rating scale (0 = no pain/does not interfere, 10 = pain as bad as you can imagine/completely interferes). 1 = ≥30% reduction in mean PEG-3 summary score from baseline; 0 = otherwise.
SecondaryAnxious Symptoms (PHQ-4)12 months after injury2-item PHQ-4 subscale assessed how often participant was bothered by anxious symptoms on 4-point scale (0 = not at all, 3 = nearly every day). 1 = summed subscale score ≥3; 0 = otherwise.
SecondaryDepressive Symptoms (PHQ-4)12 months after injury2-item PHQ-4 subscale assessing how often participant was bothered by depressive symptoms on 4-point scale (0 = not at all, 3 = nearly every day). 1 = summed subscale score ≥3; 0 = otherwise.
SecondaryGlobal Improvement (GIC)12 months after injury
Global Impression of Change on 7-point Likert scale. Participants asked to rate how they compared now to immediately after their injury (1 = very much improved, 7 = very much worse) 1 = "much improved" or "very much improved"; 0 = otherwise.
SecondaryDisability - Activity Limitation12 months after injury
Modified activity limitation items from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2011 Adult Functioning Supplement. Participants were asked to rate on a 3-point scale (limited a lot, limited a little, not limited at all) whether their health was limited in four domains: participating in leisure or social activities, getting out with friends or family, doing household chores such as cooking and cleaning, and using transportation to get to places you want to go. 1 = "limited a lot" ; 0 = otherwise.
SecondaryNot Working for Pay12 months after injuryParticipants asked whether they worked for pay in the past week. 1 = did not work for pay in the week prior to assessment; 0 = otherwise.
SecondaryOn Time Loss (Not Working)12 months after injury1 = on time loss (workers' compensation warrant data); 0 = otherwise.
SecondaryEarning Less Than Before Injury12 months after injury
Participants asked to rate on a 5-point Likert scale the extent to which earnings differed from earnings at time of injury (1 = a lot more than before the injury, 5 = a lot less than before the injury). 1 = "somewhat less than before", "a lot less than before the injury", or not working; 0 = otherwise.
SecondaryOpioid Overdose/Adverse Effects12 months after injury
Qualifying International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) diagnosis codes: first 3 digits = "T40" and 5th digit = ("0","1","2","3","4","6") and 7th digit not = "6" (excludes underdosing). 1 = presence of qualifying ICD-10-CM diagnosis code; 0 = otherwise.
SecondaryQuality of Life (EuroQol EQ-5D)12 months after injury
5-item scale in which participants were asked to rate the extent to which they experienced problems with mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression on a 5-point scale (1 = no problems, 5 = extreme problems). Individual item responses were used to create score profiles (range 11111 to 55555), which were then converted to an index value using a US-based value set. -0.573 (worst health state) to 1 (best health state)
SecondarySatisfaction With Overall Treatment12 months after injurySingle-item 5-point Likert scale rating of how satisfied participants were with all injury-related treatment (-2 = very dissatisfied, 2 = very satisfied).
SecondarySatisfaction With Pain-related Treatment12 months after injurySingle-item 5-point Likert scale rating of how satisfied participants were with treatment received for injury-related pain (-2 = very dissatisfied, 2 = very satisfied).
OtherProblematic Opioid Use (TAPS)12 months after injury
3-item TAPS tool Part 2 assessing any problematic opioid use in the past 3 months. Participants asked if they used a prescription opioid not as prescribed, if they failed in cutting down on opioid use, and if anyone has expressed concern about their opioid use (0 = no, 1 = yes). The items were summed to create a summary score in which scores ≥1 represented problematic or high-risk opioid use. 1 = summed subscale score ≥1; 0 = otherwise.

Source ClinicalTrials.govtrials-2026-11-12-0.5.0

Sources 3

  • ClinicalTrials.gov's posted results, through CTTI's AACTFreely available. Acknowledgement requested
  • ClinicalTrials.govNo license stated
  • NIH RePORTER's clinical studies and project filesPublic domain
Each source's terms
  • ClinicalTrials.gov's posted results, through CTTI's AACTClinicalTrials.gov data via Aggregate Analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov (AACT), CTTI. CTTI makes its materials freely available and requests acknowledgement. https://aact.ctti-clinicaltrials.org/documentation/299
  • ClinicalTrials.govnone stated
  • NIH RePORTER's clinical studies and project filesPublic domain (NIH RePORTER)

ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.

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