Effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) to Improve the Cognitive Functions in Older Adults
NCT05408689, Not applicable, Completed, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Trial 10
As registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, in the graph's capture of the registry.
| Field | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Title | Effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) to Improve the Cognitive Functions in Older Adults | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| NCT number | NCT05408689 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Status | Completed | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Phases | Not applicable | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Enrollment | 90 participants, actual | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Lead sponsor | The Hong Kong Polytechnic University | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Conditions | Mild Cognitive Impairment | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Interventions | T1 TENS, Concha TENS, Control | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| First posted | 2022-06-07 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Last updated | 2023-09-22 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
Registered outcomes 64
Each outcome the trial registered, primary first, in ClinicalTrials.gov's words.
| List | Outcome | Time frame | Description | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) | Baseline (0 week) | The overall cognitive function is measured by the Cantonese version of MoCA. The MoCA is a widely used 10-minute cognitive screening test for detection of MCI. The MoCA test includes 8 parts with a maximum score of 30. A higher score indicated a better cognitive function. The Cantonese version of MoCA has shown good to excellent inter-rater (ICC=0.987, p\<0.001) reliability in Chinese older adults. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Primary | Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) | Mid-intervention (5 week) | The overall cognitive function is measured by the Cantonese version of MoCA. The MoCA is a widely used 10-minute cognitive screening test for detection of MCI. The MoCA test includes 8 parts with a maximum score of 30. A higher score indicated a better cognitive function. The Cantonese version of MoCA has shown good to excellent inter-rater (ICC=0.987, p\<0.001) reliability in Chinese older adults. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Primary | Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) | Post-intervention (10 week) | The overall cognitive function is measured by the Cantonese version of MoCA. The MoCA is a widely used 10-minute cognitive screening test for detection of MCI. The MoCA test includes 8 parts with a maximum score of 30. A higher score indicated a better cognitive function. The Cantonese version of MoCA has shown good to excellent inter-rater (ICC=0.987, p\<0.001) reliability in Chinese older adults. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Primary | Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) | 1 month follow-up (14 week) | The overall cognitive function is measured by the Cantonese version of MoCA. The MoCA is a widely used 10-minute cognitive screening test for detection of MCI. The MoCA test includes 8 parts with a maximum score of 30. A higher score indicated a better cognitive function. The Cantonese version of MoCA has shown good to excellent inter-rater (ICC=0.987, p\<0.001) reliability in Chinese older adults. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Primary | Digit Span Test | Baseline (0 week) | The verbal short-term memory and working memory is measured by the digit span test. The subject was required to listen to a series of random numbers carefully and then repeated them in forward (forward digit span test) and backward (backward digit span test) order. Continue in the same manner by increasing the series of numbers. The difficulty will be increased when the number in a sequence increased. The forward digit span task requires verbal working memory and attention, while the backwards digit span task additionally tests cognitive control and executive function. The more correct trials performed indicated better short-term memory and work memory. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Primary | Digit Span Test | Mid-intervention (5 week) | The verbal short-term memory and working memory is measured by the digit span test . The subject was required to listen to a series of random numbers carefully and then repeated them in forward (forward digit span test) and backward (backward digit span test) order. Continue in the same manner by increasing the series of numbers. The difficulty will be increased when the number in a sequence increased. The forward digit span task requires verbal working memory and attention, while the backwards digit span task additionally tests cognitive control and executive function.The more correct trials performed indicated better short-term memory and work memory. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Primary | Digit Span Test | Post-intervention (10 week) | The verbal short-term memory and working memory is measured by the digit span test. The subject was required to listen to a series of random numbers carefully and then repeated them in forward (forward digit span test) and backward (backward digit span test) order. Continue in the same manner by increasing the series of numbers. The difficulty will be increased when the number in a sequence increased. The forward digit span task requires verbal working memory and attention, while the backwards digit span task additionally tests cognitive control and executive function.The more correct trials performed indicated better short-term memory and work memory. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Primary | Digit Span Test | 1 month follow-up (14 week) | The verbal short-term memory and working memory is measured by the digit span test . The subject was required to listen to a series of random numbers carefully and then repeated them in forward (forward digit span test) and backward (backward digit span test) order. Continue in the same manner by increasing the series of numbers. The difficulty will be increased when the number in a sequence increased. The forward digit span task requires verbal working memory and attention, while the backwards digit span task additionally tests cognitive control and executive function.The more correct trials performed indicated better short-term memory and work memory. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Primary | Visual Memory Span Test | Baseline (0 week) | The visual memory is measured by the visual memory span test. The subject was required to observe a given order to tap a number of block as shown by the examiners and then repeat them in forward and backward order. The difficulty will be increased when the number of blocks in a sequence increased. The more correct trials performed indicated better visual memory. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Primary | Visual Memory Span Test | Mid-intervention (5 week) | The visual memory is measured by the visual memory span test. The subject was required to observe a given order to tap a number of block as shown by the examiners and then repeat them in forward and backward order. The difficulty will be increased when the number of blocks in a sequence increased. The more correct trials performed indicated better visual memory. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Primary | Visual Memory Span Test | Post-intervention (10 week) | The visual memory is measured by the visual memory span test. The subject was required to observe a given order to tap a number of block as shown by the examiners and then repeat them in forward and backward order. The difficulty will be increased when the number of blocks in a sequence increased. The more correct trials performed indicated better visual memory. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Primary | Visual Memory Span Test | 1 month follow-up (14 week) | The visual memory is measured by the visual memory span test. The subject was required to observe a given order to tap a number of block as shown by the examiners and then repeat them in forward and backward order. The difficulty will be increased when the number of blocks in a sequence increased. The more correct trials performed indicated better visual memory. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Primary | Stroop Color and Word Test | Baseline (0 week) | The ability to inhibit cognitive interference is measured by the Stroop Color and Word Test. The Stroop Test consists of 3 subtasks. The first subtask shows color dots (green, blue, yellow, red) in random order. The second subtask shows the words (green, blue, red, yellow) in random order. The third task showed color words (green, blue, red, yellow) printed in a different ink color (i.e., the word blue printed in yellow ink). Participants are required to name the color of the ink as quickly as possible within 45 s in each task. The completion time and number of error is recorded in each task. The interference ratio of will be calculated as the completion time of the third task/the completion time of the first task. A higher interference score indicated poorer interference control. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Primary | Stroop Color and Word Test | Mid-intervention (5 week) | The ability to inhibit cognitive interference is measured by the Stroop Color and Word Test. The Stroop Test consists of 3 subtasks. The first subtask shows color dots (green, blue, yellow, red) in random order. The second subtask shows the words (green, blue, red, yellow) in random order. The third task showed color words (green, blue, red, yellow) printed in a different ink color (i.e., the word blue printed in yellow ink). Participants are required to name the color of the ink as quickly as possible within 45 s in each task. The completion time and number of error is recorded in each task. The interference ratio of will be calculated as the completion time of the third task/the completion time of the first task. A higher interference score indicated poorer interference control. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Primary | Stroop Color and Word Test | Post-intervention (10 week) | The ability to inhibit cognitive interference is measured by the Stroop Color and Word Test. The Stroop Test consists of 3 subtasks. The first subtask shows color dots (green, blue, yellow, red) in random order. The second subtask shows the words (green, blue, red, yellow) in random order. The third task showed color words (green, blue, red, yellow) printed in a different ink color (i.e., the word blue printed in yellow ink). Participants are required to name the color of the ink as quickly as possible within 45 s in each task. The completion time and number of error is recorded in each task. The interference ratio of will be calculated as the completion time of the third task/the completion time of the first task. A higher interference score indicated poorer interference control. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Primary | Stroop Color and Word Test | 1 month follow-up (14 week) | The ability to inhibit cognitive interference is measured by the Stroop Color and Word Test. The Stroop Test consists of 3 subtasks. The first subtask shows color dots (green, blue, yellow, red) in random order. The second subtask shows the words (green, blue, red, yellow) in random order. The third task showed color words (green, blue, red, yellow) printed in a different ink color (i.e., the word blue printed in yellow ink). Participants are required to name the color of the ink as quickly as possible within 45 s in each task. The completion time and number of error is recorded in each task. The interference ratio of will be calculated as the completion time of the third task/the completion time of the first task. A higher interference score indicated poorer interference control. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Primary | Face Recognition Test | Baseline (0 week) | The visual, nonverbal long-term memory is measured by the face recognition test from the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test (RMBT). Fifteen faces are shown successively to the subject. After an occupied interval of 5 minutes, the subjects are required to select the original 15 faces from a set of 30. The recognition score is the number of correct answers minus the number of incorrect answers. The recognition score is ranged from -15 to 15. A higher score indicated a better visual, nonverbal long term memory. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Primary | Face Recognition Test | Mid-intervention (5 week) | The visual, nonverbal long-term memory is measured by the face recognition test from the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test (RMBT). Fifteen faces are shown successively to the subject. After an occupied interval of 5 minutes, the subjects are required to select the original 15 faces from a set of 30. The recognition score is the number of correct answers minus the number of incorrect answers. The recognition score is ranged from -15 to 15. A higher score indicated a better visual, nonverbal long term memory. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Primary | Face Recognition Test | Post-intervention (10 week) | The visual, nonverbal long-term memory is measured by the face recognition test from the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test (RMBT). Fifteen faces are shown successively to the subject. After an occupied interval of 5 minutes, the subjects are required to select the original 15 faces from a set of 30. The recognition score is the number of correct answers minus the number of incorrect answers. The recognition score is ranged from -15 to 15. A higher score indicated a better visual, nonverbal long term memory. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Primary | Face Recognition Test | 1 month follow-up (14 week) | The visual, nonverbal long-term memory is measured by the face recognition test from the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test (RMBT). Fifteen faces are shown successively to the subject. After an occupied interval of 5 minutes, the subjects are required to select the original 15 faces from a set of 30. The recognition score is the number of correct answers minus the number of incorrect answers. The recognition score is ranged from -15 to 15. A higher score indicated a better visual, nonverbal long term memory. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
Outcomes 0
Each outcome the trial posted results for, in ClinicalTrials.gov's words.
| Type | Outcome | Time frame | Population | Units | Measured as | Source |
|---|
Results by group 0
Each measurement the trial posted, group by group, in the words and numbers it posted.
| Outcome | Group | Category | Value | Spread | Units | Source |
|---|
Participant flow 0
How many started, completed or left each group, period by period.
| Period | Milestone | Group | Participants | Units counted | Source |
|---|
Adverse events 0
Each adverse event the trial posted, group by group: the participants affected out of those at risk.
| Type | Event | Organ system | Group | Affected | At risk | Events | Source |
|---|
Adverse event totals 0
The totals the trial posted for each group.
| Total | Group | Affected | At risk | Source |
|---|
Papers 26
The papers the trial lists on ClinicalTrials.gov.
| PMID | Listed as | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 1360474 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 1844708 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 7584289 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 9532346 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 10188004 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 11856064 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 15537992 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 15698902 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 16236228 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 21514249 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 22502805 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 23117749 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 24995317 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 25125421 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 25514304 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 25869158 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 25984581 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 25988462 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 26226074 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 27222436 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
Grants 0
The grants NIH RePORTER links to the trial, newest funded first: NIH's, and some of AHRQ's, CDC's, FDA's and VA's. Each shows its title, principal investigators, organization and funder in its newest year.
| Project | Title | Principal investigators | Organization | Funder | Fiscal years | Source |
|---|
Trial comparisons 0
Comparisons of the trial's two groups, calculated by ConductScience from the counts it posted.
| Comparison | Source |
|---|
Tests 2
The ConductCognition tests this trial's registered outcomes name, as ScienceGraph matched them in trial-tests-2026-11-12-0.2.1.
| Test | Named as | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Digit Span Test | Primary outcome | ConductCognition |
| Stroop Color-Word Test | Primary outcome | ConductCognition |
Source 5
| Field | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Release | trials-2026-11-12-0.4.0 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Release manifest SHA-256 | 0f4a8d8c48aee2a7573ae0fa94ecbeab70c1adbe449bbc95c424bc7d3e97b9d4 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Registry capture | 2026-11-12 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Results copy, AACT | 2026-03-23 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| NIH clinical studies file | 2026-11-13 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
Release trials-2026-11-12-0.4.0
ClinicalTrials.gov's posted results, through CTTI's AACT: ClinicalTrials.gov data via Aggregate Analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov (AACT), CTTI. CTTI makes its materials freely available and requests acknowledgement. https://aact.ctti-clinicaltrials.org/documentation/299 ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.
ClinicalTrials.gov: none stated ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.
NIH RePORTER's clinical studies and project files: Public domain (NIH RePORTER)