Brain Stimulation in Long COVID
NCT07278206, Not applicable, Recruiting, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc
Trial 10
As registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, in the graph's capture of the registry.
| Field | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Title | Brain Stimulation in Long COVID | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| NCT number | NCT07278206 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Status | Recruiting | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Phases | Not applicable | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Enrollment | 66 participants, estimated | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Lead sponsor | Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Conditions | Long COVID, PASC Post Acute Sequelae of COVID 19, Post COVID-19 Condition (PCC) | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Interventions | Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Sham device | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| First posted | 2025-12-11 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Last updated | 2025-12-19 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
Registered outcomes 32
Each outcome the trial registered, primary first, in ClinicalTrials.gov's words.
| List | Outcome | Time frame | Description | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Fatigue | Fatigue will be measured within two weeks before and within two weeks after treatment, and at 3 and 6 months follow-up. | Fatigue as measured by the 8-item fatigue subscale of the Checklist Individual Strength (CIS). The subscale is scored on a 7-point Likert scale, adding up to a total score between 8 and 56. A score of 35 or higher indicates the presence of severe fatigue. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Objective cognitive functioning | Objective cognitive functioning will be measured two weeks before and two weeks after treatment and at 3 and 6 months follow-up after treatment. | Objective cognitive functioning will be measured using a composite score that combines the T-scores from multiple cognitive tests: (1) Stroop Test (information processing and interference sensitivity), (2) Trail Making Test A/B (various domains of executive function), (3) D2 Test (selective and sustained attention, concentration, and processing speed), and (4) 15-Word Test (memory). These scores will be combined into a composite score by taking the mean of the individual T-scores, which are corrected for age, sex, and education and will provide a comprehensive assessment of objective cognitive functioning. The final composite score will not include any individual test units but will provide an overall score reflecting performance across multiple cognitive domains. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) | Neuroimaging will be performed within two weeks before and within two weeks after treatment. | We will measure blood-brain barrier integrity and perfusion using ASL. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) | Neuroimaging will be performed within two weeks before and within two weeks after treatment. | Neuroinflammation and neuronal injury will be measured using MRS (metabolites for inflammation include choline, creatine and myo-inositol, and for neuronal injury N-acetyl-aspartate, glutamate and lactate). | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) | Neuroimaging will be performed within two weeks before and within two weeks after treatment. | Participants will undergo a 10-minute resting-state scan, during which they are instructed to relax and remain awake while looking at a visual fixation cross for the entirety of the scan. After the resting-state scan, participants will complete the Tower of London task to measure task-based activity. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Actigraphy | Continuous period of eight days two weeks before and directly after treatment | Participants will wear an Actiwatch to monitor actigraphy for a continuous period of five days. Participants will be instructed to wear the actiwatch continuously during the measurement days and to maintain their usual daily routines. Actigraphy data will provide objective measures of day and nighttime activity. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Short physical performance battery (SPPB) | Physical performance will be measured within two weeks before and within two weeks after treatment and at three and six months after treatment (follow-up). | The short physical performance battery (SPPB) will be performed to measure physical performance through three components: gait speed, balance, and repeated chair stands. The SPPB score is a composite of three physical tasks (gait speed, balance, and repeated chair stands) combined into a single score, ranging from 0-12. Higher scores mean better physical performance. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Simple Reaction Time (SRT) | Participants will complete the SRT within two weeks before, within two weeks after treatment and three and six months after treatment (follow-up). | Reaction time will be assessed using a Simple Reaction Time (SRT) task, where participants are instructed to press the spacebar as quickly as possible when red circles appears on the screen. The task consists of 25 trials, with a randomized interval between each trial. The primary outcome will be the mean reaction time, with secondary analysis of the coefficient of variation (CV) across trials. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Effort-based decision task | The effort-based decision task will be completed within two weeks before and within two weeks after treatment. | An effort-based decision task will be assessed to measure reward sensitivity. In this task, participants will either accept or reject offers in which they could exert physical effort (ticking boxes on screen, 5 levels) to gain rewards (money, 5 levels). | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Neurofilament light (NF-L) | Blood samples will be collected within two weeks before and within two weeks after treatment. | Blood will be drawn from the antecubital vein into EDTA tubes, placed on ice, centrifuged, and plasma stored at -80°C until analysis. Neurofilament light (NF-L) will be quantified to reflect neuronal injury. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Brain-Derived Tau (BD-Tau) | Blood samples will be collected within two weeks before and within two weeks after treatment. | Blood will be drawn from the antecubital vein into EDTA tubes, placed on ice, centrifuged, and plasma stored at -80°C until analysis. Brain-Derived Tau (BD-Tau) will be quantified to reflect neuronal injury. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Interleukin-6 (IL-6) | Blood samples will be collected within two weeks before and within two weeks after treatment. | Blood will be drawn from the antecubital vein into EDTA tubes, placed on ice, centrifuged, and plasma stored at -80°C until analysis.Interleukin-6 (IL-6) will be quantified to measure (neuro)inflammation. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Interleukin-1 (IL-1) | Blood samples will be collected within two weeks before and within two weeks after treatment. | Blood will be drawn from the antecubital vein into EDTA tubes, placed on ice, centrifuged, and plasma stored at -80°C until analysis. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) will be quantified to measure (neuro)inflammation. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) | Blood samples will be collected within two weeks before and within two weeks after treatment. | Blood will be drawn from the antecubital vein into EDTA tubes, placed on ice, centrifuged, and plasma stored at -80°C until analysis. Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) will be quantified to measure astrocytic activity | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) | Blood samples will be collected within two weeks before and within two weeks after treatment. | Blood will be drawn from the antecubital vein into EDTA tubes, placed on ice, centrifuged, and plasma stored at -80°C until analysis. Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) will be quantified to measure (neuro)inflammation. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Eotaxin-1/CCL11 | Blood samples will be collected within two weeks before and within two weeks after treatment. | Blood will be drawn from the antecubital vein into EDTA tubes, placed on ice, centrifuged, and plasma stored at -80°C until analysis. Eotaxin-1/CCL11 will be quantified to measure (neuro)inflammation. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) | Blood samples will be collected within two weeks before and within two weeks after treatment. | Blood will be drawn from the antecubital vein into EDTA tubes, placed on ice, centrifuged, and plasma stored at -80°C until analysis. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) will be quantified as a brain plasticity marker. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Checklist Individuele Spankracht (CIS) | Survey will be completed within two weeks before and within two weeks after treatment, and three and six months after treatment (follow-up). | The Checklist Individuele Spankracht (CIS) measures subjective fatigue and related behavior. Score ranges from 20-140, with higher scores indicating worse outcomes. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) | Survey will be completed within two weeks before and within two weeks after treatment, and three and six months after treatment (follow-up). | The Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) measures subjective cognition. Score ranges from 0-100, with higher scores indicating worse outcomes (greater cognitive failures). | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ)-short form | Survey will be completed within two weeks before and within two weeks after treatment. | The Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ)-short form assesses various dimensions of an individual's illness perception, including its perceived consequences, timeline, controllability, and emotional representation. The responses to each question are evaluated individually, as no composite score is generated. Higher scores on each question indicate worse perceptions. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
Outcomes 0
Each outcome the trial posted results for, in ClinicalTrials.gov's words.
| Type | Outcome | Time frame | Population | Units | Measured as | Source |
|---|
Results by group 0
Each measurement the trial posted, group by group, in the words and numbers it posted.
| Outcome | Group | Category | Value | Spread | Units | Source |
|---|
Participant flow 0
How many started, completed or left each group, period by period.
| Period | Milestone | Group | Participants | Units counted | Source |
|---|
Adverse events 0
Each adverse event the trial posted, group by group: the participants affected out of those at risk.
| Type | Event | Organ system | Group | Affected | At risk | Events | Source |
|---|
Adverse event totals 0
The totals the trial posted for each group.
| Total | Group | Affected | At risk | Source |
|---|
Papers 30
The papers the trial lists on ClinicalTrials.gov.
| PMID | Listed as | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 18823235 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 21167506 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 22076808 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 24468822 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 26708036 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 28388457 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 29440404 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 29923005 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 31483181 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 31548396 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 31785442 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 31901449 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 32157099 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 33243615 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 34142382 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 35732153 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 35768006 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 36031059 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 36693536 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
| 36795327 | BACKGROUND | PubMed |
Grants 0
The grants NIH RePORTER links to the trial, newest funded first: NIH's, and some of AHRQ's, CDC's, FDA's and VA's. Each shows its title, principal investigators, organization and funder in its newest year.
| Project | Title | Principal investigators | Organization | Funder | Fiscal years | Source |
|---|
Trial comparisons 0
Comparisons of the trial's two groups, calculated by ConductScience from the counts it posted.
| Comparison | Source |
|---|
Tests 6
The ConductCognition tests this trial's registered outcomes name, as ScienceGraph matched them in trial-tests-2026-11-12-0.2.1.
| Test | Named as | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Effort Discounting Task | Secondary outcome | ConductCognition |
| Simple Reaction Time | Secondary outcome | ConductCognition |
| Stroop Color-Word Test | Secondary outcome | ConductCognition |
| Tower Planning | Secondary outcome | ConductCognition |
| Trail Making Test A | Secondary outcome | ConductCognition |
| Trail Making Test B | Secondary outcome | ConductCognition |
Source 5
| Field | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Release | trials-2026-11-12-0.4.0 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Release manifest SHA-256 | 0f4a8d8c48aee2a7573ae0fa94ecbeab70c1adbe449bbc95c424bc7d3e97b9d4 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Registry capture | 2026-11-12 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Results copy, AACT | 2026-03-23 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| NIH clinical studies file | 2026-11-13 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
Release trials-2026-11-12-0.4.0
ClinicalTrials.gov's posted results, through CTTI's AACT: ClinicalTrials.gov data via Aggregate Analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov (AACT), CTTI. CTTI makes its materials freely available and requests acknowledgement. https://aact.ctti-clinicaltrials.org/documentation/299 ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.
ClinicalTrials.gov: none stated ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.
NIH RePORTER's clinical studies and project files: Public domain (NIH RePORTER)