Registered outcomes18

Each outcome the trial registered, primary first, in ClinicalTrials.gov's words.

1 to 18 of 18

List	Outcome	Time frame	Description
Primary	Job Approach Crafting	Every 4 months from enrollment to 29 months post-enrollment.	Measured using the Adaptive Adjustment Job Crafting Scale (AAJCS), a validated instrument using a 7-point Likert scale (1/Totally disagree -7/Totally agree) measuring participants' proactive cognitive strategies for adapting to work demands and resources. This sub-scale is scored by averaging responses and has a minimum score of 1 and a maximum score of 7. Higher scores reflect greater utilization of job crafting approaches.
Secondary	Job Avoidance Crafting	Every 4 months from enrollment to 29 months post-enrollment.	Measured using the Adaptive Adjustment Job Crafting Scale (AAJCS), a validated instrument using a 7-point Likert scale (1/Totally disagree -7/Totally agree) measuring participants' proactive cognitive strategies for adapting to work demands and resources. This sub-scale is scored by averaging responses and has a minimum score of 1 and a maximum score of 7. Higher scores reflect greater utilization of job crafting approaches.
Secondary	Professional Quality of Life	Every 4 months from enrollment to 29 months post-enrollment.	Measured using the 30-item Professional Quality of Life instrument, which assesses positive and negative aspects of helping professionals' work experiences. Respondents are asked to rate how often they have experienced items over the past 30 days on a 5-point Likert scale (1/Never-5/Very often). The measure includes 3 sub-scales: Compassion Satisfaction (10 items), Burnout (10 items), and Secondary Traumatic Stress (10 items). Each has a minimum score of 10 and a maximum of 50. Higher scores of Compassion Satisfaction reflect greater satisfaction related to one's ability to be an effective caregiver. Higher scores of Burnout reflect greater risk of burnout associated with difficulties in dealing with work. Higher scores of Secondary Traumatic Stress reflect higher exposure to traumatically stressful events.
Secondary	Overdose Prevention Knowledge, Attitudes, and Skills	Every 4 months from enrollment to 29 months post-enrollment.	Measured using the Harm Reduction Knowledge, Attitudes, and Skills (HR-KAS), a 20-item scale assessing conceptual understanding and application of overdose prevention in peer recovery work. Participants are asked to rate each item on a 10-point Likert scale. Subscales of the HR-KAS include: Knowledge (5 items; 1/no knowledge-10/high level of knowledge), Attitudes (6 items; 1/strongly disagree-10/strongly agree), and Skills (9 items; 1/cannot do at all-10/highly certain). Each sub-scale is scored by averaging responses and has a minimum score of 1 and a maximum score of 10. Higher scores indicate higher perceptions of overdose prevention knowledge, agreement with overdose prevention efforts, and confidence with delivering overdose prevention services.
Secondary	Overdose Prevention Recovery Plan Integration	From enrollment to 29 months post-enrollment	This is the extent to which individual overdose prevention strategies are included in client recovery plans. This will be measured by reviewing client recovery plans and identifying the number of overdose prevention approaches incorporated in each plan, which requires peer understanding of clients' individualized needs as it relates to substance use and community supervision terms. This measure will be calculated by reviewing and qualitatively coding all instances of overdose prevention within recovery plan documents and then averaging across all documents at each time point by staff person and site.
Secondary	Client Retention	From enrollment to 29 months post-enrollment	Measured taking the total number of clients served by the program for a minimum of 30 days within the month and dividing it by the total number of clients served in that month. Measured using RCO-level administrative data.
Other	Staff Boundaries with Clients	Every 4 months from enrollment to 29 months post-enrollment.	Measured using 7 original items with a 7-point Likert scale (1/Strongly disagree - 7/Strongly agree) assessing participants ability to maintain healthy work-related boundaries with clients. The instrument is scored by averaging responses and has a minimum score of 1 and a maximum score of 7. A lower score reflects greater boundary management.
Other	Moral Injury	Every 4 months from enrollment to 29 months post-enrollment.	Measured using 6 unmodified items and 1 modified item from the Moral Injury Symptoms Scale-Health Professional (MISS-HP) which assesses distress resulting from workplace situations that conflict with personal or professional values using a 10-point Likert scale (1/Strongly disagree - 10/Strongly agree). The instrument has a minimum score of 7 and a maximum of 70. A higher score reflects greater internal moral conflict, guilt or shame, spiritual struggle, loss of meaning, difficulty forgiving oneself, or difficulty with strength of personal recovery.
Other	Bias Against Overdose Prevention	Every 4 months from enrollment to 29 months post-enrollment.	Measured using the Harm Reduction Stigma Scale, a 24-item instrument assessing stigmatizing attitudes toward overdose prevention and people who use drugs using a 3-point Likert scale (1/Agree - 3/Disagree). The instrument is scored by averaging responses and has a minimum score of 1 and a maximum score of 3. A lower score reflects fewer stigmatizing attitudes.
Other	Training Satisfaction	Immediately post-completion of PATH eLearning and PATH ECHO	Measured using the Training Satisfaction Questionnaire, a custom 5-point Likert-scale (1/Totally disagree - 5/Totally agree) survey with 12-items assessing overall satisfaction with the learning experience, content relevance, and applicability to peer support practice. The questionnaire includes 3 sub-scales: Objectives and Content (3 items), Methods and Training Context (6 items), and Usefulness and Overall Rating (3 items). Each sub-scale is scored by averaging responses and has a minimum score of 1 and a maximum score of 5. Higher scores indicate higher levels of satisfaction with the training.
Other	Training Engagement	From PATH initiation to PATH completion	Measured using eLearning administrative data showing module completion and time-to-complete and ECHO engagement duration.
Other	Staff Turnover	From enrollment to 29 months post-enrollment	Measured by calculating the percentage of staff who remained in the organization from the first to last day of the month.
Other	Continuity of Care	From enrollment to 29 months post-enrollment	Measured by assessing whether a client accessed at least one recovery or treatment service every 30 days since enrollment using RCO-level administrative data.
Other	Service Utilization	From enrollment to 29 months post-enrollment	Measured by totaling the number and types of services utilized from enrollment using RCO-level administrative data .
Other	Client Overdose Fatal	From enrollment to 29 months post-enrollment	Measured using data provided through death certificates submitted by county coroners to the Department of Health on all accidental drug overdose deaths.
Other	Client Overdose Non-Fatal	From enrollment to 29 months post-enrollment	Measured using data provided through the emergency medical services records and emergency department records to produce counts of nonfatal overdose events.
Other	Client Recidivism	From enrollment to 29 months post-enrollment	Measured using data on incarceration events provided through the State Police and Department of Corrections, with data from police provided through the Criminal History Repository Information System.
Other	Client All-Cause Mortality	From enrollment to 29 months post-enrollment	Measured using vital statistics data held by the Department of Public Health.

Source ClinicalTrials.govtrials-2026-11-12-0.5.0

Sources 3

ClinicalTrials.gov's posted results, through CTTI's AACTFreely available. Acknowledgement requested
ClinicalTrials.govNo license stated
NIH RePORTER's clinical studies and project filesPublic domain

Each source's terms

ClinicalTrials.gov's posted results, through CTTI's AACTClinicalTrials.gov data via Aggregate Analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov (AACT), CTTI. CTTI makes its materials freely available and requests acknowledgement. https://aact.ctti-clinicaltrials.org/documentation/299
ClinicalTrials.govnone stated
NIH RePORTER's clinical studies and project filesPublic domain (NIH RePORTER)

ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.

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GET https://conductscience.org/api/trials/v1/NCT07886944/registered

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