Effect of Squatting Position in the Second Stage of Labor on Birth Outcomes
NCT07918872, Not applicable, Recruiting, Ege University
Trial 10
As registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, in the graph's capture of the registry.
| Field | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Title | Effect of Squatting Position in the Second Stage of Labor on Birth Outcomes | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| NCT number | NCT07918872 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Status | Recruiting | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Phases | Not applicable | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Enrollment | 60 participants, estimated | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Lead sponsor | Ege University | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Conditions | Nulliparity, Labor Stage, Second, Birth Position, Squatting Position | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Interventions | Experimental (Squatting Position), Routin Care (Lithotomy Position) | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| First posted | 2026-11-05 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Last updated | 2026-11-05 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
Registered outcomes 14
Each outcome the trial registered, primary first, in ClinicalTrials.gov's words.
| List | Outcome | Time frame | Description | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Duration of the second stage of labor | From the exact moment of full cervical dilation (10 cm) until the complete delivery of the fetus (measured in minutes) | The time elapsed from the completion of cervical dilation (full dilation - 10 cm) to the birth of the baby will be recorded. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Primary | Need for operative or obstetric interventions during delivery | From the onset of labor (and after the crowning of the fetal head) until the complete delivery of the infant's entire body (measured in minutes). | The occurrence of any obstetric or operative interventions (such as episiotomy incision, vacuum extraction/Kiwi device use, or fundal pressure/Kristeller maneuver) will be recorded as a binary outcome (yes or no). | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Perineal Laceration Degree and Episiotomy Status | Immediately following the delivery of the placenta. | The severity of perineal lacerations will be evaluated based on clinical definitions: first-degree (injury to the perineal skin and/or vaginal mucosa); second-degree (injury to the perineal muscles); third-degree (injury to the anal sphincter complex and anorectal mucosa); and fourth-degree (obstetric anal sphincter injuries involving anatomical and physiological damage to the anal sphincter). If no laceration occurs, the perineum will be recorded as intact. Additionally, whether an episiotomy incision was performed by the researcher during delivery, and if so, its severity/degree will be evaluated and recorded in accordance with the clinical definitions specified above. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Maternal Pain Level at the Onset of the Second Stage of Labor | Immediately after the procedure/intervention (During the interval between uterine contractions following the onset of the second stage) | Maternal pain levels during uterine contractions will be assessed at the exact onset of the second stage of labor (full cervical dilation) using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), where scores range from 1 (least pain) to 10 (most severe pain). Measurements will be obtained by asking the pregnant woman during the resting period between contractions. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Maternal Pain Level at the Crowning Stage of the Fetal Head | At crowning of the fetal head, during the second stage of labor | Maternal pain levels during uterine contractions will be assessed at the crowning stage of the fetal head using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), where scores range from 1 (least pain) to 10 (most severe pain). Measurements will be obtained by asking the pregnant woman during the resting period between contractions. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Maternal Fatigue Level at the Onset of the Second Stage of Labor | At the onset of the second stage of labor (full cervical dilation) | Maternal fatigue levels will be assessed at the exact onset of the second stage of labor (full cervical dilation) using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), where scores range from 1 (least fatigue) to 10 (most severe fatigue). Measurements will be obtained by asking the pregnant woman during the resting period between contractions. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Maternal Fatigue Level at the Crowning Stage of the Fetal Head | At crowning of the fetal head, during the second stage of labor | Maternal fatigue levels will be assessed at the crowning stage of the fetal head using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), where scores range from 1 (least fatigue) to 10 (most severe fatigue). Measurements will be obtained by asking the pregnant woman during the resting period between contractions. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Maternal Childbirth Experience | Within the first 24 hours postpartum, prior to hospital discharge | Maternal childbirth experience will be evaluated using the Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ). Participants in both the intervention and control groups will be asked to complete the questionnaire postpartum, specifically after they have breastfed their babies and achieved adequate rest, prior to hospital discharge. The total score obtained from the scale will be evaluated. Higher scores on the questionnaire indicate a more positive and better childbirth experience. There is no specific cut-off score for this scale. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Newborn 1st Minute APGAR Score | At 1 minute after birth | The newborn's health status and transition to extrauterine life will be evaluated at the 1st minute after birth using the standard APGAR scoring system. The score ranges from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating a better clinical condition of the newborn. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Newborn 5th Minute APGAR Score | At 5 minutes after birth | The newborn's health status and adaptation to extrauterine life will be evaluated at 5 minutes after delivery using the standard APGAR scoring system. The score ranges from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating a better clinical condition of the newborn. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Umbilical Cord Blood Gas Parameters | Immediately after the delivery of the baby and prior to placental separation | Umbilical cord blood gas analysis will be performed to evaluate the oxygenation and acid-base status of the newborn. Immediately after the complete delivery of the baby and prior to placental separation, a blood sample will be collected from the maternal side of the umbilical cord using a blood gas syringe by the researcher. The clinical parameters to be evaluated from the hospital's laboratory computer system include: umbilical artery pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2, measured in mmHg), partial pressure of oxygen (pO2, measured in mmHg), and base excess (BE, measured in mEq/L) | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Requirement for Neonatal Resuscitation | During the immediate stabilization period within the first minutes after birth | Whether the newborn requires any level of neonatal resuscitation (such as positive pressure ventilation, endotracheal intubation, or administration of medications) during the immediate stabilization period in the delivery room will be recorded as a binary outcome (yes or no). | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Status of Being Placed in Maternal Skin-to-Skin Contact Without Intervention | Immediately following the delivery of the baby | Whether the newborn can be placed directly in skin-to-skin contact with the mother or routine healthy newborn care can be provided without requiring any special medical interventions or admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) will be recorded as a binary outcome (yes or no). | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Secondary | Newborn Clinical Status and Physical Examination Findings | Within the first hour after birth | Comprehensive newborn physical examination and clinical status findings will be evaluated and recorded by a neonatologist to ensure safety and monitor neonatal adaptation within the first hour following delivery. The evaluated parameters will include: cardiovascular findings (heart rate, preductal SpO2, and perfusion index); respiratory findings (respiratory rate, presence of chest retractions, and nasal flaring); gastrointestinal findings (presence of meconium); integumentary/skeletal findings (normal condition of the clavicle); and neurological findings (muscle tone and brachial plexus status). Any deviations from normal clinical values will be recorded. | ClinicalTrials.gov |
Outcomes 0
Each outcome the trial posted results for, in ClinicalTrials.gov's words.
| Type | Outcome | Time frame | Population | Units | Measured as | Source |
|---|
Results by group 0
Each measurement the trial posted, group by group, in the words and numbers it posted.
| Outcome | Group | Category | Value | Spread | Units | Source |
|---|
Participant flow 0
How many started, completed or left each group, period by period.
| Period | Milestone | Group | Participants | Units counted | Source |
|---|
Adverse events 0
Each adverse event the trial posted, group by group: the participants affected out of those at risk.
| Type | Event | Organ system | Group | Affected | At risk | Events | Source |
|---|
Adverse event totals 0
The totals the trial posted for each group.
| Total | Group | Affected | At risk | Source |
|---|
Papers 4
The papers the trial lists on ClinicalTrials.gov.
Grants 0
The grants NIH RePORTER links to the trial, newest funded first: NIH's, and some of AHRQ's, CDC's, FDA's and VA's. Each shows its title, principal investigators, organization and funder in its newest year.
| Project | Title | Principal investigators | Organization | Funder | Fiscal years | Source |
|---|
Trial comparisons 0
Comparisons of the trial's two groups, calculated by ConductScience from the counts it posted.
| Comparison | Source |
|---|
Tests 0
The ConductCognition tests this trial's registered outcomes name, as ScienceGraph matched them in trial-tests-2026-11-12-0.2.1.
| Test | Named as | Source |
|---|
Source 5
| Field | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Release | trials-2026-11-12-0.4.0 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Release manifest SHA-256 | 0f4a8d8c48aee2a7573ae0fa94ecbeab70c1adbe449bbc95c424bc7d3e97b9d4 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Registry capture | 2026-11-12 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| Results copy, AACT | 2026-03-23 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| NIH clinical studies file | 2026-11-13 | ClinicalTrials.gov |
Release trials-2026-11-12-0.4.0
ClinicalTrials.gov's posted results, through CTTI's AACT: ClinicalTrials.gov data via Aggregate Analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov (AACT), CTTI. CTTI makes its materials freely available and requests acknowledgement. https://aact.ctti-clinicaltrials.org/documentation/299 ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.
ClinicalTrials.gov: none stated ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.
NIH RePORTER's clinical studies and project files: Public domain (NIH RePORTER)