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CD28: CD28 molecule

1 protein, 841 patents, 2 drugs, 4 trials, 17,025 NIH grants and 42,402 papers.

Gene 7

Its symbol and name are HGNC's, unless HGNC and NCBI Gene contradict each other.

FieldValueSource
SymbolCD28HGNC
NameCD28 moleculeHGNC
NCBI Gene ID940NCBI Gene
HGNC IDHGNC:1653HGNC
EnsemblENSG00000178562NCBI Gene
AliasesIMD123, Tp44NCBI Gene
Typeprotein-codingNCBI Gene

Proteins 1

Reviewed human proteins whose Swiss-Prot entry states the gene.

UniProt entryProteinLengthStructuresGene stated inSource
P10747T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD2822010Ensembl, GeneID, HGNCUniProt

Patents 841

Patents whose sequence listing holds the protein exactly: the same sequence, by SHA-256, length and CRC-64. A sequence a patent lists is not always one it claims.

PublicationPublishedSEQ ID NOProteinSource
EP 4831196 A22026-10-288P10747Espacenet
EP 4806462 A22026-09-163P10747Espacenet
EP 4801643 A12026-09-0923P10747Espacenet
EP 4801963 A12026-09-09142P10747Espacenet
EP 4795154 A12026-08-2640P10747Espacenet
WO 2026167227 A12026-08-132P10747Espacenet
EP 4763220 A22026-06-24119P10747Espacenet
JP 2026102780 A2026-06-232P10747Espacenet
EP 4758171 A12026-06-177P10747Espacenet
EP 4756014 A12026-06-1015P10747Espacenet

Drugs 2

Drugs a ChEMBL mechanism record says act on the gene's protein, through Open Targets.

DrugChEMBL IDMechanismActionSource
LULIZUMAB PEGOLCHEMBL3137354T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28 antagonistANTAGONISTChEMBL
TGN-1412CHEMBL2109250T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28 agonistAGONISTChEMBL

Trials 4

Trials of those drugs. A trial joins the gene only through a drug that acts on it.

TrialDrugPhaseResults first postedSource
NCT02796053TGN-1412PHASE1/PHASE2ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02711813TGN-1412PHASE2ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02265744LULIZUMAB PEGOLPHASE22019-01-04ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01990157TGN-1412PHASE1/PHASE2ClinicalTrials.gov

NIH grants 17025

NIH projects whose papers are about the gene, through NIH's grant-paper links.

ProjectTitleIts papers about the geneNewest fiscal yearSource
P30CA008748Cancer Center Support Grant3242,025NIH's project files
P30CA016672Cancer Center Support Grant2252,025NIH's project files
P30AI027763UCSF-Bay Area Center for AIDS Research1262,025NIH's project files
P30CA016520Abramson Cancer Center Support Grant902,025NIH's project files
P51OD011132Emory National Primate Research Center872,025NIH's project files
P50CA126752SPORE in Lymphoma802,025NIH's project files
U19AI057266Vaccine and Infection Induced Immunity in the Young and Aged782,025NIH's project files
P30CA016042Cancer Center Support Grant712,025NIH's project files
P30CA125123Baylor College of Medicine Cancer Center - Cancer Center Support Grant712,025NIH's project files
P01CA065493Off-the-Shelf Immune Effector Cells for Hematological Malignancies662,025NIH's project files

Papers 42402

Newest first. Swiss-Prot's references are curated; PubTator's text mining finds papers that name the gene, not always ones about it.

PMIDFound bySource
42814317PubTator, text miningPubMed
42808109PubTator, text miningPubMed
42802439PubTator, text miningPubMed
42794643PubTator, text miningPubMed
42787161PubTator, text miningPubMed
42779507PubTator, text miningPubMed
42776797PubTator, text miningPubMed
42776740PubTator, text miningPubMed
42775700PubTator, text miningPubMed
42775165PubTator, text miningPubMed

The same record as JSON

Release gene-search-2026-11-11-0.1.0

ClinicalTrials.gov's posted results, through CTTI's AACT: ClinicalTrials.gov data via Aggregate Analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov (AACT), CTTI. CTTI makes its materials freely available and requests acknowledgement. https://aact.ctti-clinicaltrials.org/documentation/299 ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.

ChEMBL, through Open Targets: CC BY-SA 3.0, for the parts from ChEMBL. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence

ClinicalTrials.gov: none stated ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.

EMBL-EBI's patent proteins: EMBL-EBI's patent protein files from the EPO, JPO, KIPO and USPTO. EMBL-EBI: "EMBL-EBI itself places no additional restrictions on the use or redistribution of the data available via its Data Resources and Tools other than those provided by the original data owners" and "EMBL-EBI expects attribution (e.g. in publications, services or products) for the use of any of its Data Resources and Tools." Read on 11 Nov 2026 at https://www.ebi.ac.uk/about/terms-of-use

GenBank's patent files: GenBank's patent files. NCBI: "NCBI places no restrictions on the use or distribution of the GenBank data. However, some submitters may claim patent, copyright, or other intellectual property rights in all or a portion of the data they have submitted." Read on 11 Nov 2026 at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/about/

HGNC: CC0: https://www.genenames.org/about/license/

NCBI Gene: None named for the file. NCBI says information created by or for the US government on its site is in the public domain, and asks that NLM be acknowledged: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/

NIH's project files and grant-paper links: Public domain (NIH RePORTER)

Open Targets: CC0 1.0. Open Targets asks that users cite its latest paper: Buniello et al. 2025, Open Targets Platform: facilitating therapeutic hypotheses building in drug discovery, Nucleic Acids Research 53(D1):D1467, PMID 39657122. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence

PubTator 3: Public domain

UniProt: CC BY 4.0. UniProt's licence file: "All databases and documents in the UniProt FTP directory may be copied and redistributed freely, without advance permission, provided that this copyright statement is reproduced with each copy." UniProt asks that users cite its latest paper: The UniProt Consortium, UniProt: the Universal Protein Knowledgebase in 2025, Nucleic Acids Research 53:D609-D617, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkae1010. Read on 9 Nov 2026 at https://www.uniprot.org/help/license