Paper188043

Conversion of 3T3 fibroblasts into adipose cells: triggering of differentiation by prostaglandin F2alpha and 1-methyl-3-isobutyl xanthine.

Russell TR and 1 other. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1976. Cited by 207 papers, by iCite.

11 sourcespapers-2026-11-12-0.1.0

Cite this record

ConductScience Library. Conversion of 3T3 fibroblasts into adipose cells: triggering of differentiation by prostaglandin F2alpha and 1-methyl-3-isobutyl xanthine. Papers, record 188043. Release papers-2026-11-12-0.1.0, 12 Nov 2026. https://conductscience.org/library/papers/188043

Paper

PubMed's record of the paper, with iCite's citation figures. No abstract is shown.

Title: Conversion of 3T3 fibroblasts into adipose cells: triggering of differentiation by prostaglandin F2alpha and 1-methyl-3-isobutyl xanthine.; PubMed
Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A; PubMed
Year: 1976; PubMed
Publication types: Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; PubMed
PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/188043/; PubMed
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.73.12.4516; PubMed
PMC: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC431523/; PubMed
The journal: https://conductscience.org/library/journal-index/7505876; PubMed
Citations, by iCite: 207; iCite
Relative citation ratio, by iCite: 4.42; iCite
Revised in PubMed: 2022-03-11; PubMed

Authors2

The authors in the order PubMed's record lists them, with the ORCID iDs it states.

Order	Author	Forename	Kind	ORCID iD
1	Russell TR	T R
2	Ho R	R

Source PubMed

Topics14

NLM's MeSH indexing of the paper, its major topics first.

MeSH term	Major
Adipose Tissue	Major topic
Cell Differentiation	Major topic
Fibroblasts	Major topic
Insulin	Major topic
Prostaglandins F	Major topic
Xanthines	Major topic
3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases
Animals
Cell Division
Cell Line
Enzyme Induction
Mice
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Nucleotides, Cyclic

Source PubMed

Show 8 more topicsShow fewer topics

References9

The papers the reference list in PubMed's record names, those in our copy of PubMed, in the list's order.

Order	PMID	Title	Journal	Year	In Papers	Source
2	164,919	Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activities of pig coronary arteries.	Biochim Biophys Acta	1975	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/164919	PubMed
3	165,899	An established preadipose cell line and its differentiation in culture. II. Factors affecting the adipose conversion.	Cell	1975	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/165899	PubMed
4	170,616	Initiation of cell proliferation in cultured mouse fibroblasts by prostaglandin F2alpha.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	1975	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/170616	PubMed
5	171,770	Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase: pivotal role in regulation of enzyme induction and growth.	Science	1975	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/171770	PubMed
6	4,333,987	Regulation of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate phosphodiesterase activity in fibroblasts by intracellular concentrations of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (3T3-dibutyryl cyclic AMP-SV40-transformed cells-michaelis constants-L cells-prostaglandin E 1 ).	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	1972	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4333987	PubMed
7	4,372,218	Cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate and cyclic guanosine 3':5'-monophosphate phosphodiesterase activities are under separate genetic control.	J Biol Chem	1974	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4372218	PubMed
8	4,426,090	An established pre-adipose cell line and its differentiation in culture.	Cell	1974	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4426090	PubMed
9	806,254	Prostaglandins.	Annu Rev Biochem	1975	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/806254	PubMed
10	949,738	Spontaneous heritable changes leading to increased adipose conversion in 3T3 cells.	Cell	1976	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/949738	PubMed

Show 3 more referencesShow fewer references

Cited by47

The papers in our copy of PubMed whose reference list names this one, newest first. iCite, which reads more sources, counts 207 citations.

PMID	Title	Journal	Year	In Papers	Source
41,275,495	Sensory-neuron-derived CGRPα controls white adipocyte differentiation and tissue plasticity.	Cell Rep	2025	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/41275495	PubMed
39,143,643	Lesson on obesity and anatomy of adipose tissue: new models of study in the era of clinical and translational research.	J Transl Med	2024	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/39143643	PubMed
38,972,757	Gene expression and characterization of clonally derived murine embryonic brown and brite adipocytes.	FEBS Open Bio	2024	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/38972757	PubMed
38,875,117	Qualitative and quantitative analysis of lipid droplets in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes using oil red O.	STAR Protoc	2024	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/38875117	PubMed
36,636,339	A simplified and defined serum-free medium for cultivating fat across species.	iScience	2023	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/36636339	PubMed
31,238,883	Prediction of hub genes associated with intramuscular fat content in Nelore cattle.	BMC Genomics	2019	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/31238883	PubMed
29,466,054	The role of Rpgrip1l, a component of the primary cilium, in adipocyte development and function.	FASEB J	2018	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/29466054	PubMed
29,430,572	Transcriptional and Functional Plasticity Induced by Chronic Insulin Exposure in a Mast Cell-Like Basophilic Leukemia Cell Model.	J Immunobiol	2017	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/29430572	PubMed
28,986,436	Normal human adipose tissue functions and differentiation in patients with biallelic LPIN1 inactivating mutations.	J Lipid Res	2017	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/28986436	PubMed
28,239,754	Neprilysin facilitates adipogenesis through potentiation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway.	Mol Cell Biochem	2017	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/28239754	PubMed
27,127,727	Mitochondrial STAT3 and reactive oxygen species: A fulcrum of adipogenesis?	JAKSTAT	2015	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/27127727	PubMed
26,451,286	3T3-L1 adipocytes display phenotypic characteristics of multiple adipocyte lineages.	Adipocyte	2015	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/26451286	PubMed
26,119,994	Mesoderm-specific transcript (MEST) is a negative regulator of human adipocyte differentiation.	Int J Obes (Lond)	2015	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/26119994	PubMed
26,024,229	TMEM120A and B: Nuclear Envelope Transmembrane Proteins Important for Adipocyte Differentiation.	PLoS One	2015	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/26024229	PubMed
25,482,511	Pyruvate kinase isoform expression alters nucleotide synthesis to impact cell proliferation.	Mol Cell	2015	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/25482511	PubMed
24,465,921	The PPARγ locus makes long-range chromatin interactions with selected tissue-specific gene loci during adipocyte differentiation in a protein kinase A dependent manner.	PLoS One	2014	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/24465921	PubMed
24,239,569	Weighing in on adipocyte precursors.	Cell Metab	2014	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/24239569	PubMed
22,706,316	Insulin-containing lipogenic stimuli suppress mast cell degranulation potential and up-regulate lipid body biogenesis and eicosanoid secretion in a PPARγ-independent manner.	J Leukoc Biol	2012	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/22706316	PubMed
22,359,163	Dexamethasone regulation of terminal differentiation in 3T3-F442A preadipocyte cell line.	Cytotechnology	1988	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/22359163	PubMed
22,355,693	Srebf1a is a key regulator of transcriptional control for adipogenesis.	Sci Rep	2011	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/22355693	PubMed

Show 14 more cited byShow fewer cited bySee all 47 cited by

Genes1

The genes the Gene search release ties to the paper: Swiss-Prot's references first, then PubTator's text mining.

Gene	NCBI Gene ID	Linked by	In Genes
INS	3,630	PubTator's text mining	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/3630

Source NCBI Gene

Data dates

The date of each source this release read.

PubMed: 2026-11-06; PubMed
iCite: 2026-11-05; iCite
PMC's ID file: 2026-11-05; PMC's ID file
NIH RePORTER's grant and paper links: 2026-11-01; NIH RePORTER's grant and paper links
Trials: 2026-11-12
Gene search: 2026-11-11
Pipelines: 2026-09-18

None in this release

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Comments and corrections
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ClinicalTrials.govNo license stated
HGNCCC0
iCiteCC BY 4.0
NCBI GenePublic domain (US government)
NIH RePORTER's grant and paper linksPublic domain
Open TargetsCC0 1.0
PMC's ID filePublic domain (US government)
PubMedNLM's terms
PubTator 3Public domain
UniProtCC BY 4.0

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ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0, for the parts from ChEMBL. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
ClinicalTrials.govnone stated
HGNCCC0: https://www.genenames.org/about/license/
iCiteCC BY 4.0
NCBI GeneNone named for the file. NCBI says information created by or for the US government on its site is in the public domain, and asks that NLM be acknowledged: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
NIH RePORTER's grant and paper linksPublic domain (NIH RePORTER)
Open TargetsCC0 1.0. Open Targets asks that users cite its latest paper: Buniello et al. 2025, Open Targets Platform: facilitating therapeutic hypotheses building in drug discovery, Nucleic Acids Research 53(D1):D1467, PMID 39657122. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
PMC's ID fileNone named for the file. NCBI says information created by or for the US government on its site is in the public domain, and asks that NLM be acknowledged: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
PubMedNLM's terms
PubTator 3Public domain
UniProtCC BY 4.0. UniProt's licence file: "All databases and documents in the UniProt FTP directory may be copied and redistributed freely, without advance permission, provided that this copyright statement is reproduced with each copy." UniProt asks that users cite its latest paper: The UniProt Consortium, UniProt: the Universal Protein Knowledgebase in 2025, Nucleic Acids Research 53:D609-D617, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkae1010. Read on 9 Nov 2026 at https://www.uniprot.org/help/license

ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.

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