Paper · 49104

The two signal model for b cell induction.

Bretscher PA. Transplant Rev, 1975. Cited by 56 papers, by iCite.

11 sourcespapers-2026-11-12-0.1.0

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ConductScience Library. The two signal model for b cell induction. Papers, record 49104. Release papers-2026-11-12-0.1.0, 12 Nov 2026. https://conductscience.org/library/papers/49104

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Paper

PubMed's record of the paper, with iCite's citation figures. No abstract is shown.

Title: The two signal model for b cell induction.; PubMed
Journal: Transplant Rev; PubMed
Year: 1975; PubMed
Publication types: Journal Article, Review; PubMed
PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/49104/; PubMed
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-065x.1975.tb00147.x; PubMed
The journal: https://conductscience.org/library/journal-index/0215244; PubMed
Citations, by iCite: 56; iCite
Relative citation ratio, by iCite: 1.22; iCite
Revised in PubMed: 2019-10-27; PubMed

Authors1

The authors in the order PubMed's record lists them, with the ORCID iDs it states.

Order	Author	Forename	Kind	ORCID iD
1	Bretscher PA	P A

Source PubMed

Topics16

NLM's MeSH indexing of the paper, its major topics first.

MeSH term	Major
B-Lymphocytes	Major topic
Binding Sites, Antibody	Major topic
Lymphocyte Activation	Major topic
Animals
Antibody Formation
Cell Membrane
Epitopes
Humans
Immune Tolerance
Immunoglobulin G
Immunoglobulin M
Mice
Mice, Inbred Strains
Mice, Nude
Mitogens
T-Lymphocytes

Source PubMed

Grants0

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None in this release.

Trials0

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Comments and corrections0

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References0

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Cited by14

The papers in our copy of PubMed whose reference list names this one, newest first. iCite, which reads more sources, counts 56 citations.

PMID	Title	Journal	Year	In Papers	Source
14,629,620	T-helper cell tolerance to ubiquitous nuclear antigens.	Scand J Immunol	2003	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/14629620	PubMed
6,606,626	Chlamydia trachomatis stimulates human peripheral blood B lymphocytes to proliferate and secrete polyclonal immunoglobulins in vitro.	Infect Immun	1984	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/6606626	PubMed
6,199,453	Polyclonal stimulation of resting B lymphocytes by antigen-specific T lymphocytes.	J Exp Med	1984	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/6199453	PubMed
6,167,364	A general interactive model for B cell activation II. Experimental verification.	Cell Biophys	1981	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/6167364	PubMed
6,167,363	A general interactive model for B cell activation. I. The theory.	Cell Biophys	1981	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/6167363	PubMed
1,244,416	Immunologic properties of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). III. Genetic linkage between the in vitro mitogenic and in vivo adjuvant properties of LPS.	J Exp Med	1976	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/1244416	PubMed
1,087,326	Induction and abrogation of unresponsiveness in nude mouse cells.	J Exp Med	1976	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/1087326	PubMed
786,253	Immunocompetent cells in resistance to bacterial infections.	Bacteriol Rev	1976	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/786253	PubMed
418,135	In vitro analysis of allogeneic lymphocyte interaction. II. I-region control of the activity of a B-cell-derived H-2-restricted allogeneic effect factor and its receptor during B-cell activation.	J Exp Med	1978	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/418135	PubMed
315,994	B-cell differentiation in the CBA/N mouse. I. Slower maturation of mitogen and antigen-responsive B cells in mice expressing an X-linked defect.	J Exp Med	1979	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/315994	PubMed

1 to 10 of 14

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Drugs0

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None in this release.

Data0

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None in this release.

Data dates

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PubMed: 2026-11-06; PubMed
iCite: 2026-11-05; iCite
PMC's ID file: 2026-11-05; PMC's ID file
NIH RePORTER's grant and paper links: 2026-11-01; NIH RePORTER's grant and paper links
Trials: 2026-11-12
Gene search: 2026-11-11
Pipelines: 2026-09-18

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ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0
ClinicalTrials.govNo license stated
HGNCCC0
iCiteCC BY 4.0
NCBI GenePublic domain (US government)
NIH RePORTER's grant and paper linksPublic domain
Open TargetsCC0 1.0
PMC's ID filePublic domain (US government)
PubMedNLM's terms
PubTator 3Public domain
UniProtCC BY 4.0

Each source's terms

ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0, for the parts from ChEMBL. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
ClinicalTrials.govnone stated
HGNCCC0: https://www.genenames.org/about/license/
iCiteCC BY 4.0
NCBI GeneNone named for the file. NCBI says information created by or for the US government on its site is in the public domain, and asks that NLM be acknowledged: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
NIH RePORTER's grant and paper linksPublic domain (NIH RePORTER)
Open TargetsCC0 1.0. Open Targets asks that users cite its latest paper: Buniello et al. 2025, Open Targets Platform: facilitating therapeutic hypotheses building in drug discovery, Nucleic Acids Research 53(D1):D1467, PMID 39657122. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
PMC's ID fileNone named for the file. NCBI says information created by or for the US government on its site is in the public domain, and asks that NLM be acknowledged: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
PubMedNLM's terms
PubTator 3Public domain
UniProtCC BY 4.0. UniProt's licence file: "All databases and documents in the UniProt FTP directory may be copied and redistributed freely, without advance permission, provided that this copyright statement is reproduced with each copy." UniProt asks that users cite its latest paper: The UniProt Consortium, UniProt: the Universal Protein Knowledgebase in 2025, Nucleic Acids Research 53:D609-D617, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkae1010. Read on 9 Nov 2026 at https://www.uniprot.org/help/license

ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.

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