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Paper · 6584871

Loss of unstably amplified dihydrofolate reductase genes from mouse cells is greatly accelerated by hydroxyurea.

Snapka RM and 1 other. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1983. Cited by 65 papers, by iCite.

11 sourcespapers-2026-11-12-0.1.0

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ConductScience Library. Loss of unstably amplified dihydrofolate reductase genes from mouse cells is greatly accelerated by hydroxyurea. Papers, record 6584871. Release papers-2026-11-12-0.1.0, 12 Nov 2026. https://conductscience.org/library/papers/6584871

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Paper

PubMed's record of the paper, with iCite's citation figures. No abstract is shown.

Title
Loss of unstably amplified dihydrofolate reductase genes from mouse cells is greatly accelerated by hydroxyurea.
PubMed
Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed
Year
1983
PubMed
Publication types
Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PubMed
Citations, by iCite
65
iCite
Relative citation ratio, by iCite
1.25
iCite
Revised in PubMed
2019-05-01
PubMed

Authors2

The authors in the order PubMed's record lists them, with the ORCID iDs it states.

OrderAuthorForenameKindORCID iD
1Snapka RMR M
2Varshavsky AA

Source PubMed

Topics11

NLM's MeSH indexing of the paper, its major topics first.

MeSH termMajor
Gene AmplificationMajor topic
GenesMajor topic
HydroxyureaMajor topic
Tetrahydrofolate DehydrogenaseMajor topic
Animals
Cell Division
Cells, Cultured
Drug Resistance
Kinetics
Methotrexate
Mice

Source PubMed

Grants2

Each grant PubMed's record writes, matched to the NIH project NIH's grant and paper links name for this paper, and each of those links the record does not write.

Grant, as the record writes itAgencyCountryNIH projectStated bySource
CA30367NCI NIH HHSUnited StatesR01CA030367PubMed and NIHNIH RePORTER
CA33297NCI NIH HHSUnited StatesR01CA033297PubMed and NIHNIH RePORTER

Trials0

The trials whose ClinicalTrials.gov record lists the paper, and the trial numbers the paper's PubMed record names.

None in this release.

Comments and corrections0

PubMed's comments and corrections, NLM's own indexing: retractions first, then expressions of concern, errata and updates, and comments last.

None in this release.

References38

The papers the reference list in PubMed's record names, those in our copy of PubMed, in the list's order.

OrderPMIDTitleJournalYearIn PapersSource
15,911,587The effects of hydroxyurea and related compounds on the rat fetus.Cancer Res1966https://conductscience.org/library/papers/5911587PubMed
26,018,562Hydroxyurea: effects on Chinese hamster cells grown in culture.Cancer Res1967https://conductscience.org/library/papers/6018562PubMed
34,868,353Effective elimination of drug resistance and sex factors in Escherichia coli by sodium dodecyl sulfate.J Bacteriol1968https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4868353PubMed
44,876,978Inhibition of ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase by hydroxyurea.Cancer Res1968https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4876978PubMed
54,885,039Elimination by ethidium bromide of antibiotic resistance in enterobacteria and staphylococci.J Gen Microbiol1968https://conductscience.org/library/papers/4885039PubMed
6769,675Elimination of resistance determinants from R-factor R1 by intercalative compounds.Antimicrob Agents Chemother1976https://conductscience.org/library/papers/769675PubMed
7959,840The clonal evolution of tumor cell populations.Science1976https://conductscience.org/library/papers/959840PubMed
8903,253Experimental elimination and recovery of double minute chromosomes in malignant cell populations.Hereditas1977https://conductscience.org/library/papers/903253PubMed
9415,941Electron microscope analysis of mouse and rabbit globin and immunoglobulin gene sequences.Gene1978https://conductscience.org/library/papers/415941PubMed
10111,707Ribonucleotide reductase from calf thymus. Purification and properties.Biochemistry1979https://conductscience.org/library/papers/111707PubMed

1 to 10 of 38

See all 38 references

Cited by22

The papers in our copy of PubMed whose reference list names this one, newest first. iCite, which reads more sources, counts 65 citations.

PMIDTitleJournalYearIn PapersSource
42,245,683Gene amplification in the premalignant stages of non-small cell lung cancer development.Front Oncol2026https://conductscience.org/library/papers/42245683PubMed
41,811,450BRCA1-A and LIG4 complexes mediate ecDNA biogenesis and cancer drug resistance.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A2026https://conductscience.org/library/papers/41811450PubMed
40,640,072Extrachromosomal DNA: shaping the evolutionary dynamics of cancer.Trends Cancer2025https://conductscience.org/library/papers/40640072PubMed
39,748,050Modern biology of extrachromosomal DNA: A decade-long voyage of discovery.Cell Res2025https://conductscience.org/library/papers/39748050PubMed
39,506,152Coordinated inheritance of extrachromosomal DNAs in cancer cells.Nature2024https://conductscience.org/library/papers/39506152PubMed
38,672,504Categorizing Extrachromosomal Circular DNA as Biomarkers in Serum of Cancer.Biomolecules2024https://conductscience.org/library/papers/38672504PubMed
38,409,389Extrachromosomal DNA in cancer.Nat Rev Cancer2024https://conductscience.org/library/papers/38409389PubMed
36,184,613Extrachromosomal circular DNA: biogenesis, structure, functions and diseases.Signal Transduct Target Ther2022https://conductscience.org/library/papers/36184613PubMed
35,609,926Extrachromosomal DNA in Cancer.Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet2022https://conductscience.org/library/papers/35609926PubMed
34,930,786Plasticity of Extrachromosomal and Intrachromosomal BRAF Amplifications in Overcoming Targeted Therapy Dosage Challenges.Cancer Discov2022https://conductscience.org/library/papers/34930786PubMed

1 to 10 of 22

See all 22 cited by

Genes1

The genes the Gene search release ties to the paper: Swiss-Prot's references first, then PubTator's text mining.

GeneNCBI Gene IDLinked byIn Genes
DHFR1,719PubTator's text mininghttps://conductscience.org/library/genes/1719

Source NCBI Gene

Drugs0

The drugs whose trials, in the Pipelines release, list the paper.

None in this release.

Data0

The data bank entries PubMed's record names. Trial numbers are under Trials.

None in this release.

Data dates

The date of each source this release read.

PubMed
2026-11-06
PubMed
iCite
2026-11-05
iCite
PMC's ID file
2026-11-05
PMC's ID file
NIH RePORTER's grant and paper links
2026-11-01
NIH RePORTER's grant and paper links
Trials
2026-11-12
Gene search
2026-11-11
Pipelines
2026-09-18

Sources 11

  • ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0
  • ClinicalTrials.govNo license stated
  • HGNCCC0
  • iCiteCC BY 4.0
  • NCBI GenePublic domain (US government)
  • NIH RePORTER's grant and paper linksPublic domain
  • Open TargetsCC0 1.0
  • PMC's ID filePublic domain (US government)
  • PubMedNLM's terms
  • PubTator 3Public domain
  • UniProtCC BY 4.0
Each source's terms
  • ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0, for the parts from ChEMBL. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
  • ClinicalTrials.govnone stated
  • HGNCCC0: https://www.genenames.org/about/license/
  • iCiteCC BY 4.0
  • NCBI GeneNone named for the file. NCBI says information created by or for the US government on its site is in the public domain, and asks that NLM be acknowledged: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
  • NIH RePORTER's grant and paper linksPublic domain (NIH RePORTER)
  • Open TargetsCC0 1.0. Open Targets asks that users cite its latest paper: Buniello et al. 2025, Open Targets Platform: facilitating therapeutic hypotheses building in drug discovery, Nucleic Acids Research 53(D1):D1467, PMID 39657122. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
  • PMC's ID fileNone named for the file. NCBI says information created by or for the US government on its site is in the public domain, and asks that NLM be acknowledged: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
  • PubMedNLM's terms
  • PubTator 3Public domain
  • UniProtCC BY 4.0. UniProt's licence file: "All databases and documents in the UniProt FTP directory may be copied and redistributed freely, without advance permission, provided that this copyright statement is reproduced with each copy." UniProt asks that users cite its latest paper: The UniProt Consortium, UniProt: the Universal Protein Knowledgebase in 2025, Nucleic Acids Research 53:D609-D617, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkae1010. Read on 9 Nov 2026 at https://www.uniprot.org/help/license

ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.

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