Paper · 23744306

The use of intermediate endpoints in the design of type 1 diabetes prevention trials.

Krischer JP and 1 other. Diabetologia, 2013. Cited by 50 papers, by iCite.

11 sourcespapers-2026-11-12-0.1.0

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ConductScience Library. The use of intermediate endpoints in the design of type 1 diabetes prevention trials. Papers, record 23744306. Release papers-2026-11-12-0.1.0, 12 Nov 2026. https://conductscience.org/library/papers/23744306

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Paper

PubMed's record of the paper, with iCite's citation figures. No abstract is shown.

Title: The use of intermediate endpoints in the design of type 1 diabetes prevention trials.; PubMed
Journal: Diabetologia; PubMed
Year: 2013; PubMed
Publication types: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; PubMed
PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23744306/; PubMed
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-013-2960-7; PubMed
PMC: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3743228/; PubMed
The journal: https://conductscience.org/library/journal-index/0006777; PubMed
Citations, by iCite: 50; iCite
Relative citation ratio, by iCite: 1.34; iCite
Revised in PubMed: 2026-11-02; PubMed

Authors2

The authors in the order PubMed's record lists them, with the ORCID iDs it states.

Order	Author	Forename	Kind	ORCID iD
1	Krischer JP	Jeffrey P
2	Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet Study Group		Group

Source PubMed

Topics16

NLM's MeSH indexing of the paper, its major topics first.

MeSH term	Major
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1	Major topic
Adolescent
Adult
Autoantibodies
Blood Glucose
C-Peptide
Child
Child, Preschool
Female
Glucose Tolerance Test
Glycated Hemoglobin
Humans
Infant
Male
Middle Aged
Young Adult

Source PubMed

Grants15

Each grant PubMed's record writes, matched to the NIH project NIH's grant and paper links name for this paper, and each of those links the record does not write.

Grant, as the record writes it	Agency	Country	NIH project	Stated by	Source
UL1 RR031986	NCRR NIH HHS	United States	UL1RR031986	PubMed and NIH	NIH RePORTER
UL1 TR001108	NCATS NIH HHS	United States	UL1TR001108	PubMed and NIH	NIH RePORTER
HHSN267200800019C	NIDDK NIH HHS	United States		PubMed	PubMed
UL1 TR001085	NCATS NIH HHS	United States	UL1TR001085	PubMed and NIH	NIH RePORTER
U01 DK061042	NIDDK NIH HHS	United States	U01DK061042	PubMed and NIH	NIH RePORTER
UL1 RR024975	NCRR NIH HHS	United States	UL1RR024975	PubMed and NIH	NIH RePORTER
UC4 DK117009	NIDDK NIH HHS	United States	UC4DK117009	PubMed and NIH	NIH RePORTER
UC4 DK097835	NIDDK NIH HHS	United States	UC4DK097835	PubMed and NIH	NIH RePORTER
UL1 TR000005	NCATS NIH HHS	United States	UL1TR000005	PubMed and NIH	NIH RePORTER
U01 DK084565	NIDDK NIH HHS	United States	U01DK084565	PubMed	NIH RePORTER

1 to 10 of 15

See all 15 grants

Trials1

The trials whose ClinicalTrials.gov record lists the paper, and the trial numbers the paper's PubMed record names.

Trial	Title	The trial lists it as	Named in the paper's record
NCT06427421	Characterization of Autoreactive Regulatory and Conventional CD4 T Cells in Recent Onset Type 1 Diabetes and Control Individuals	Background

Source ClinicalTrials.gov

Comments and corrections0

PubMed's comments and corrections, NLM's own indexing: retractions first, then expressions of concern, errata and updates, and comments last.

None in this release.

References7

The papers the reference list in PubMed's record names, those in our copy of PubMed, in the list's order.

Order	PMID	Title	Journal	Year	In Papers	Source
1	16,505,520	Patterns of metabolic progression to type 1 diabetes in the Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1.	Diabetes Care	2006	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/16505520	PubMed
2	15,855,569	Effects of oral insulin in relatives of patients with type 1 diabetes: The Diabetes Prevention Trial--Type 1.	Diabetes Care	2005	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/15855569	PubMed
3	15,647,217	Surrogate endpoints and FDA's accelerated approval process.	Health Aff (Millwood)	2005	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/15647217	PubMed
4	18,650,369	Glucose and C-peptide changes in the perionset period of type 1 diabetes in the Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1.	Diabetes Care	2008	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/18650369	PubMed
5	17,550,422	Study design of the Trial to Reduce IDDM in the Genetically at Risk (TRIGR).	Pediatr Diabetes	2007	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/17550422	PubMed
6	11,476,858	Type 1 diabetes: new perspectives on disease pathogenesis and treatment.	Lancet	2001	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/11476858	PubMed
7	18,823,409	The TrialNet Natural History Study of the Development of Type 1 Diabetes: objectives, design, and initial results.	Pediatr Diabetes	2009	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/18823409	PubMed

Cited by37

The papers in our copy of PubMed whose reference list names this one, newest first. iCite, which reads more sources, counts 50 citations.

PMID	Title	Journal	Year	In Papers	Source
41,358,893	2. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026.	Diabetes Care	2026	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/41358893	PubMed
40,771,605	REDEFINING AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES: THE OPPORTUNITY FOR PRECISION AND PREVENTION.	Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc	2025	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/40771605	PubMed
40,553,206	From Prediction to Prevention: The Intricacies of Islet Autoantibodies in Type 1 Diabetes.	Curr Diab Rep	2025	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/40553206	PubMed
40,375,390	Type 1 Diabetes: A Guide to Autoimmune Mechanisms for Clinicians.	Diabetes Obes Metab	2025	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/40375390	PubMed
39,829,699	Postprandial Plasma Glucose.	Clin Diabetes	2025	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/39829699	PubMed
39,651,986	2. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025.	Diabetes Care	2025	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/39651986	PubMed
39,429,450	Plasma Glucose.	Clin Diabetes	2024	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/39429450	PubMed
39,167,668	Evolving Concepts in Pathophysiology, Screening, and Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes: Report of Diabetes Mellitus Interagency Coordinating Committee Workshop.	Diabetes	2024	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/39167668	PubMed
38,406,268	PRE1BRAZIL Protocol: A Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Effectiveness and Safety of the DPP-4 Inhibitor Alogliptin in Delaying the Progression of Stage 2 Type 1 Diabetes.	Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes	2024	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/38406268	PubMed
38,078,589	2. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2024.	Diabetes Care	2024	https://conductscience.org/library/papers/38078589	PubMed

1 to 10 of 37

See all 37 cited by

Genes4

The genes the Gene search release ties to the paper: Swiss-Prot's references first, then PubTator's text mining.

Gene	NCBI Gene ID	Linked by	In Genes	Source
HLA-A	3,105	PubTator's text mining	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/3105	NCBI Gene
HLA-DRB4	3,126	PubTator's text mining	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/3126	NCBI Gene
INS	3,630	PubTator's text mining	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/3630	NCBI Gene
INSM2	84,684	PubTator's text mining	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/84684	NCBI Gene

Drugs0

The drugs whose trials, in the Pipelines release, list the paper.

None in this release.

Data0

The data bank entries PubMed's record names. Trial numbers are under Trials.

None in this release.

Data dates

The date of each source this release read.

PubMed: 2026-11-06; PubMed
iCite: 2026-11-05; iCite
PMC's ID file: 2026-11-05; PMC's ID file
NIH RePORTER's grant and paper links: 2026-11-01; NIH RePORTER's grant and paper links
Trials: 2026-11-12
Gene search: 2026-11-11
Pipelines: 2026-09-18

Sources 11

ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0
ClinicalTrials.govNo license stated
HGNCCC0
iCiteCC BY 4.0
NCBI GenePublic domain (US government)
NIH RePORTER's grant and paper linksPublic domain
Open TargetsCC0 1.0
PMC's ID filePublic domain (US government)
PubMedNLM's terms
PubTator 3Public domain
UniProtCC BY 4.0

Each source's terms

ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0, for the parts from ChEMBL. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
ClinicalTrials.govnone stated
HGNCCC0: https://www.genenames.org/about/license/
iCiteCC BY 4.0
NCBI GeneNone named for the file. NCBI says information created by or for the US government on its site is in the public domain, and asks that NLM be acknowledged: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
NIH RePORTER's grant and paper linksPublic domain (NIH RePORTER)
Open TargetsCC0 1.0. Open Targets asks that users cite its latest paper: Buniello et al. 2025, Open Targets Platform: facilitating therapeutic hypotheses building in drug discovery, Nucleic Acids Research 53(D1):D1467, PMID 39657122. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
PMC's ID fileNone named for the file. NCBI says information created by or for the US government on its site is in the public domain, and asks that NLM be acknowledged: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
PubMedNLM's terms
PubTator 3Public domain
UniProtCC BY 4.0. UniProt's licence file: "All databases and documents in the UniProt FTP directory may be copied and redistributed freely, without advance permission, provided that this copyright statement is reproduced with each copy." UniProt asks that users cite its latest paper: The UniProt Consortium, UniProt: the Universal Protein Knowledgebase in 2025, Nucleic Acids Research 53:D609-D617, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkae1010. Read on 9 Nov 2026 at https://www.uniprot.org/help/license

ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.

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