Disease · MONDO_0011728

benign essential blepharospasm

6 sourcesdiseases-2026-09-18-0.1.0

Cite this record

ConductScience Library. benign essential blepharospasm. Diseases, record MONDO_0011728. Release diseases-2026-09-18-0.1.0, 18 Sept 2026. https://conductscience.org/library/diseases/MONDO_0011728

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Disease

Names and IDs as Open Targets gives them. Its IDs in MeSH, Orphanet, the Disease Ontology and the NCI Thesaurus are those Open Targets states for it.

Name: benign essential blepharospasm; Open Targets
Open Targets ID: MONDO_0011728; Open Targets
Other names: Primary blepharospasm, blepharospasm; Open Targets
Disease Ontology: DOID:529; Disease Ontology
MeSH: D001764; MeSH
Highest stage of its drugs: Approval, for 1 of its 7 drugs, from TTD; Open Targets

Drugs7

The drugs Open Targets' clinical reports study for the disease, the highest stage first, then the most trial reports. The stage is Open Targets', the highest any of its sources reports for the pair, and each row names the sources that report it.

Drug	ChEMBL ID	Type	Open Targets' stage	Stage reported by	Reports	Of them trials	Trials shown here	Source
BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE A	CHEMBL4297862	Protein	Approval	TTD	5	4	3	Drugs and targets
ONABOTULINUMTOXINA	CHEMBL1201574		Phase 3	ClinicalTrials.gov	6	6	1	Drugs and targets
INCOBOTULINUMTOXINA	CHEMBL2108035		Phase 3	ClinicalTrials.gov	4	4	3	Drugs and targets
CANNABIDIOL	CHEMBL190461	Small molecule	Phase 2/3	ClinicalTrials.gov	1	1	1	Drugs and targets
DAXIBOTULINUMTOXINA	CHEMBL3707359		Phase 2	ClinicalTrials.gov	1	1	1	Drugs and targets
DIPRAGLURANT	CHEMBL2346738	Small molecule	Phase 2	ClinicalTrials.gov	1	1	1	Drugs and targets
LETIBOTULINUMTOXINA	CHEMBL3707322		Unknown	ClinicalTrials.gov	1	1	0	Drugs and targets

Targets3

The targets ChEMBL's mechanism records give for the disease's drugs, through Open Targets, the most drugs first. A mechanism record says what a drug acts on, not that the target causes the disease.

Target	Protein	Its drugs that act on it	Mechanisms	Highest stage of those drugs	Gene in Genes	Source
SNAP25	Synaptosomal-associated protein 25	5	Synaptosomal nerve-associated protein 25 (SNAP-25) hydrolytic enzyme; Synaptosomal nerve-associated protein 25 (SNAP-25) inhibitor	Approval	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/6616	Drugs and targets
CNR1	Cannabinoid receptor 1	1	Cannabinoid CB1 receptor negative allosteric modulator	Phase 2/3	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/1268	Drugs and targets
GRM5	Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5	1	Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 modulator	Phase 2	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/2915	Drugs and targets

Trials10

Trials an Open Targets clinical report links to the disease, posted results first, then the largest. A trial is shown when the release's checks confirm its link to the disease and Drugs and targets shows its link to one of the disease's drugs. 5 more are not shown, since the checks do not confirm them.

Trial	Title	Phase	Participants	Results first posted	Conditions	Drugs	Linked by	Source
NCT00406367	IncobotulinumtoxinA (Xeomin) Versus Placebo in the Treatment of Blepharospasm	Phase 3	109	2010-11-16	Blepharospasm	INCOBOTULINUMTOXINA	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00761592	Comparison of Two Botulinum Type A Products in the Treatment of Blepharospasm	Phase 4	65	2009-07-09	Blepharospasm	BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE A	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01896895	Efficacy and Safety Study of Botulinum Toxin Type A Against Placebo to Treat Abnormal Contraction or Twitch of the Eyelid	Phase 3	61	2018-03-01	Bilateral Blepharospasm (BEB)	INCOBOTULINUMTOXINA	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01287247	Trial Evaluating Xeomin® (incobotulinumtoxinA) for Cervical Dystonia or Blepharospasm in the United States		688		Cervical Dystonia, Blepharospasm	INCOBOTULINUMTOXINA	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01791881	Therapeutic Confirmatory Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of "Hugeltox Inj." in Essential Blepharospasm	Phase 3	172		Essential Blepharospasm	BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE A	Open Targets' reading of its record	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03216473	Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Neuronox and Botox With Essential Blepharospasm	Phase 3	140		Essential Blepharospasm	BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE A	Open Targets' reading of its record	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03938363	Analysis of Gait Before and After Botulinum Toxin Treatment in Patients With Focal Dystonia	Not applicable	40		Cervical Dystonia, Primary, Blepharospasm	ONABOTULINUMTOXINA	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07489430	DaxibotulinumtoxinA for Blepharospasm	Phase 2	20		Blepharospasm of Both Eyelids, Blepharospasm of Left Eyelid, Blepharospasm of Right Eyelid, Blepharospasm, Benign Essential, Blepharospasm	DAXIBOTULINUMTOXINA	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05027997	Exploratory Study of Dipraglurant (ADX48621) for the Treatment of Patients With Blepharospasm	Phase 2	15		Blepharospasm, Dystonia	DIPRAGLURANT	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04423341	Effect of Non-psychoactive Cannabidiol as an Adjunct to Botulinum Toxin in Blepharospasm	Phase 2/3	12		Blepharospasm, Blepharospasm, Benign Essential, CBD	CANNABIDIOL	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov

Comparisons in its trials1

Comparisons Trial comparisons calculated in the trials shown here, most participants first. A comparison in one of these trials does not always compare a treatment for the disease, so read the two groups.

Comparison	Group 1, with the outcome	Group 2, with the outcome	Participants	Trial
incobotulinumtoxinA (Xeomin) vs Placebo: serious adverse events	0 of 74	1 of 34	108	NCT00406367

Source Trial comparisons

Papers from its trials8

The papers the trials shown here list on ClinicalTrials.gov as their results (RESULT) or as drawn from them (DERIVED), results first, newest first.

PMID	Listed as	Trials listing it	Source
38386480	RESULT	1	PubMed
23435927	RESULT	1	PubMed
21520284	RESULT	1	PubMed
38310362	DERIVED	1	PubMed
37606606	DERIVED	1	PubMed
34384301	DERIVED	1	PubMed
33211907	DERIVED	1	PubMed
32779096	DERIVED	1	PubMed

Data dates

The date of each source this release read.

Open Targets: 2026-09-18; Open Targets
Drug links and their checks, from Drugs and targets: 2026-09-18; Drugs and targets
ClinicalTrials.gov, from Trials: 2026-11-12; Trials
Comparisons, from Trial comparisons: 2026-03-23; Trial comparisons
PubMed, for the checks: 2026-11-06; PubMed
MeSH, for the checks: 2026-11-10; MeSH

Sources 6

ClinicalTrials.gov's posted results, through CTTI's AACTFreely available. Acknowledgement requested
ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0
ClinicalTrials.govNo license stated
NLM's MeSHNLM's terms
Open TargetsCC0 1.0
PubMedNLM's terms

Each source's terms

ClinicalTrials.gov's posted results, through CTTI's AACTClinicalTrials.gov data via Aggregate Analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov (AACT), CTTI. CTTI makes its materials freely available and requests acknowledgement. https://aact.ctti-clinicaltrials.org/documentation/299
ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0, for the parts from ChEMBL. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
ClinicalTrials.govnone stated
NLM's MeSHNLM's
Open TargetsCC0 1.0. Open Targets asks that users cite its latest paper: Buniello et al. 2025, Open Targets Platform: facilitating therapeutic hypotheses building in drug discovery, Nucleic Acids Research 53(D1):D1467, PMID 39657122. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
PubMedNLM's terms

ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.

For software

Read this disease from software.

The record and each of its lists are JSON, twenty rows a page. No key.

GET https://conductscience.org/api/diseases/v1/MONDO_0011728

GET https://conductscience.org/api/diseases/v1/MONDO_0011728/drugs

API reference For AI assistants