Disease · MONDO_0001657

brain cancer

6 sourcesdiseases-2026-09-18-0.1.0

Cite this record

ConductScience Library. brain cancer. Diseases, record MONDO_0001657. Release diseases-2026-09-18-0.1.0, 18 Sept 2026. https://conductscience.org/library/diseases/MONDO_0001657

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Disease

Names and IDs as Open Targets gives them. Its IDs in MeSH, Orphanet, the Disease Ontology and the NCI Thesaurus are those Open Targets states for it.

Name: brain cancer; Open Targets
Open Targets ID: MONDO_0001657; Open Targets
Other names: brain neoplasms, malignant, cancer of brain, cancer of the brain, malignant brain neoplasm, malignant brain tumor, malignant neoplasm of brain, malignant neoplasm of the brain, malignant tumor of brain, malignant tumor of the brain, malignant tumour of brain, malignant tumour of the brain; Open Targets
Disease Ontology: DOID:1319; Disease Ontology
MeSH: D001932; MeSH
NCI Thesaurus: C3568; NCI Thesaurus
Highest stage of its drugs: Approval, for 4 of its 63 drugs, from TTD; Open Targets

Drugs63

The drugs Open Targets' clinical reports study for the disease, the highest stage first, then the most trial reports. The stage is Open Targets', the highest any of its sources reports for the pair, and each row names the sources that report it.

Drug	ChEMBL ID	Type	Open Targets' stage	Stage reported by	Reports	Of them trials	Trials shown here	Source
LOMUSTINE	CHEMBL514	Small molecule	Approval	TTD	2	1	1	Drugs and targets
CARMUSTINE	CHEMBL513	Small molecule	Approval	TTD	1	0	0	Drugs and targets
MOTEXAFIN GADOLINIUM	CHEMBL3544910	Small molecule	Approval	TTD	1	0	0	Drugs and targets
ZINOSTATIN	CHEMBL3989835	Small molecule	Approval	TTD	1	0	0	Drugs and targets
AGLATIMAGENE BESADENOVEC	CHEMBL3544993	Gene	Phase 3	TTD	1	0	0	Drugs and targets
CINTREDEKIN BESUDOTOX	CHEMBL2108583	Protein	Phase 3	TTD	1	0	0	Drugs and targets
INOSINE	CHEMBL1556	Small molecule	Phase 3	TTD	1	0	0	Drugs and targets
PRINOMASTAT	CHEMBL75094	Small molecule	Phase 3	TTD	1	0	0	Drugs and targets
RANAGENGLIOTUCEL-T	CHEMBL2107852	Cell	Phase 3	TTD	1	0	0	Drugs and targets
RINDOPEPIMUT	CHEMBL2107863		Phase 3	TTD	1	0	0	Drugs and targets

1 to 10 of 63

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Targets70

The targets ChEMBL's mechanism records give for the disease's drugs, through Open Targets, the most drugs first. A mechanism record says what a drug acts on, not that the target causes the disease.

Target	Protein	Its drugs that act on it	Mechanisms	Highest stage of those drugs	Gene in Genes	Source
EGFR	Epidermal growth factor receptor	4	Epidermal growth factor receptor erbB1 binding agent; Epidermal growth factor receptor erbB1 inhibitor; Epidermal growth factor receptor erbB1 vaccine antigen	Phase 3	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/1956	Drugs and targets
RRM1	Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase RR1	2	Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase RR1 inhibitor	Approval	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/6240	Drugs and targets
RRM2	Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase RR1	2	Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase RR1 inhibitor	Approval	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/6241	Drugs and targets
RRM2B	Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase RR1	2	Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase RR1 inhibitor	Approval	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/50484	Drugs and targets
TOP1	DNA topoisomerase 1	2	DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor	Phase 2	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/7150	Drugs and targets
TOP2A	DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha	2	DNA topoisomerase II alpha inhibitor; DNA topoisomerase II inhibitor	Phase 1	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/7153	Drugs and targets
TUBA1A	Tubulin	2	Tubulin inhibitor	Phase 1	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/7846	Drugs and targets
TUBA1B	Tubulin	2	Tubulin inhibitor	Phase 1	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/10376	Drugs and targets
TUBA1C	Tubulin	2	Tubulin inhibitor	Phase 1	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/84790	Drugs and targets
TUBA3C	Tubulin	2	Tubulin inhibitor	Phase 1	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/7278	Drugs and targets

1 to 10 of 70

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Trials29

Trials an Open Targets clinical report links to the disease, posted results first, then the largest. A trial is shown when the release's checks confirm its link to the disease and Drugs and targets shows its link to one of the disease's drugs.

Trial	Title	Phase	Participants	Results first posted	Conditions	Drugs	Linked by	Source
NCT00528437	Temozolomide,Thiotepa and Carboplatin With Autologous Stem Cell Rescue Followed by 13-cis-retinoic Acid in Patients With Recurrent/Refractory Malignant Brain Tumors	Phase 2	46	2021-07-08	Brain Tumors	CARBOPLATIN, ISOTRETINOIN, TEMOZOLOMIDE, THIOTEPA	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00003475	Antineoplaston Therapy in Treating Patients With Primary Malignant Brain Tumors	Phase 2	40	2016-12-19	Malignant Brain Tumors	ANTINEOPLASTON A10	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03387020	Ribociclib and Everolimus in Treating Children With Recurrent or Refractory Malignant Brain Tumors	Phase 1	22	2021-08-27	CNS Embryonal Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified, Malignant Glioma, Recurrent Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor, Recurrent Childhood Ependymoma, Recurrent Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma, Recurrent Medulloblastoma, Refractory Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma	EVEROLIMUS, RIBOCICLIB	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00308165	Topotecan by Intracerebral Clysis for Recurrent Primary Malignant Brain Tumors	Phase 1	16	2025-06-27	Brain Neoplasms, Primary Malignant	TOPOTECAN	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06630260	5G-RUBY: Avutometinib and Defactinib in Malignant Brain Tumours	Phase 1/2	182		Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM), Glioblastoma Multiform (Grade IV Astrocytoma), Diffuse Hemispheric Glioma, H3 G34-Mutant, Malignant Primary Gliomas	AVUTOMETINIB, DEFACTINIB, TEMOZOLOMIDE	Open Targets' reading of its record	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00003141	Chemotherapy Plus Peripheral Stem Cell Transplantation in Treating Infants With Malignant Brain or Spinal Cord Tumors	Phase 1	94		Brain Tumors, Central Nervous System Tumors, Neuroblastoma, Sarcoma	CARBOPLATIN, CISPLATIN, CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE, ETOPOSIDE, THIOTEPA, VINCRISTINE SULFATE	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07391215	5G-PEARL: Paxalisib in Malignant Brain Tumours	Phase 1/2	64		Malignant Primary Gliomas, Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM)	PAXALISIB, TEMOZOLOMIDE	Open Targets' reading of its record	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00691522	Imaging Study of XERECEPT® Treatment for Peritumoral Brain Edema (PBE)	Phase 2	60		Peritumoral Brain Edema, PRIMARY MALIGNANT and METASTATIC BRAIN TUMORS	HUMAN CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING FACTOR	Open Targets' reading of its record	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00463203	Bevacizumab and Irinotecan for Patients With Primary Brain Tumors and Progression After Standard Therapy	Phase 2	54		Brain Neoplasms, Glioma	BEVACIZUMAB, IRINOTECAN	Open Targets' reading of its record	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00360854	Erlotinib Alone or in Combination With Radiation Therapy in Treating Young Patients With Refractory or Relapsed Malignant Brain Tumors or Newly Diagnosed Brain Stem Glioma	Phase 1	48		Brain and Central Nervous System Tumors	ERLOTINIB HYDROCHLORIDE	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov

1 to 10 of 29

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Comparisons in its trials0

Comparisons Trial comparisons calculated in the trials shown here, most participants first. A comparison in one of these trials does not always compare a treatment for the disease, so read the two groups.

None in this release.

Papers from its trials4

The papers the trials shown here list on ClinicalTrials.gov as their results (RESULT) or as drawn from them (DERIVED), results first, newest first.

PMID	Listed as	Trials listing it	Source
18447671	RESULT	1	PubMed
41379553	DERIVED	1	PubMed
23240851	DERIVED	1	PubMed
21653689	DERIVED	1	PubMed

Data dates

The date of each source this release read.

Open Targets: 2026-09-18; Open Targets
Drug links and their checks, from Drugs and targets: 2026-09-18; Drugs and targets
ClinicalTrials.gov, from Trials: 2026-11-12; Trials
Comparisons, from Trial comparisons: 2026-03-23; Trial comparisons
PubMed, for the checks: 2026-11-06; PubMed
MeSH, for the checks: 2026-11-10; MeSH

Sources 6

ClinicalTrials.gov's posted results, through CTTI's AACTFreely available. Acknowledgement requested
ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0
ClinicalTrials.govNo license stated
NLM's MeSHNLM's terms
Open TargetsCC0 1.0
PubMedNLM's terms

Each source's terms

ClinicalTrials.gov's posted results, through CTTI's AACTClinicalTrials.gov data via Aggregate Analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov (AACT), CTTI. CTTI makes its materials freely available and requests acknowledgement. https://aact.ctti-clinicaltrials.org/documentation/299
ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0, for the parts from ChEMBL. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
ClinicalTrials.govnone stated
NLM's MeSHNLM's
Open TargetsCC0 1.0. Open Targets asks that users cite its latest paper: Buniello et al. 2025, Open Targets Platform: facilitating therapeutic hypotheses building in drug discovery, Nucleic Acids Research 53(D1):D1467, PMID 39657122. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
PubMedNLM's terms

ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.

For software

Read this disease from software.

The record and each of its lists are JSON, twenty rows a page. No key.

GET https://conductscience.org/api/diseases/v1/MONDO_0001657

GET https://conductscience.org/api/diseases/v1/MONDO_0001657/drugs?page=2

API reference For AI assistants