Disease · EFO_1001471

Merkel cell skin cancer

6 sourcesdiseases-2026-09-18-0.1.0

Cite this record

ConductScience Library. Merkel cell skin cancer. Diseases, record EFO_1001471. Release diseases-2026-09-18-0.1.0, 18 Sept 2026. https://conductscience.org/library/diseases/EFO_1001471

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Disease

Names and IDs as Open Targets gives them. Its IDs in MeSH, Orphanet, the Disease Ontology and the NCI Thesaurus are those Open Targets states for it.

Name: Merkel cell skin cancer; Open Targets
Open Targets ID: EFO_1001471; Open Targets
Other names: MCC, Merkel Cell Cancer, Merkel Cell Carcinoma, Merkel Cell Tumor, Merkle Tumors; Open Targets
MeSH: D015266; MeSH
NCI Thesaurus: C9231; NCI Thesaurus
Highest stage of its drugs: Approval, for 2 of its 69 drugs, from ClinicalTrials.gov, DailyMed, EMA Human Drugs, FDA, PMDA and TTD; Open Targets

Drugs69

The drugs Open Targets' clinical reports study for the disease, the highest stage first, then the most trial reports. The stage is Open Targets', the highest any of its sources reports for the pair, and each row names the sources that report it.

Drug	ChEMBL ID	Type	Open Targets' stage	Stage reported by	Reports	Of them trials	Trials shown here	Source
AVELUMAB	CHEMBL3833373	Antibody	Approval	ClinicalTrials.gov, DailyMed, FDA, PMDA and TTD	20	15	15	Drugs and targets
RETIFANLIMAB	CHEMBL4298037	Antibody	Approval	EMA Human Drugs and FDA	8	5	5	Drugs and targets
PEMBROLIZUMAB	CHEMBL3137343	Antibody	Phase 3	ClinicalTrials.gov	22	22	22	Drugs and targets
SEVIPROTIMUT-L	CHEMBL3137341		Phase 3	TTD	1	0	0	Drugs and targets
TRABEDERSEN	CHEMBL2108345	Oligonucleotide	Phase 2/3	TTD	1	0	0	Drugs and targets
NIVOLUMAB	CHEMBL2108738	Antibody	Phase 2	ClinicalTrials.gov	9	9	9	Drugs and targets
CEMIPLIMAB	CHEMBL4297723	Antibody	Phase 2	ClinicalTrials.gov	4	4	4	Drugs and targets
CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE	CHEMBL1200796	Small molecule	Phase 2	ClinicalTrials.gov	4	4	4	Drugs and targets
IPILIMUMAB	CHEMBL1789844	Antibody	Phase 2	ClinicalTrials.gov	4	4	4	Drugs and targets
ALDESLEUKIN	CHEMBL1201438	Protein	Phase 2	ClinicalTrials.gov	3	3	3	Drugs and targets

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Targets68

The targets ChEMBL's mechanism records give for the disease's drugs, through Open Targets, the most drugs first. A mechanism record says what a drug acts on, not that the target causes the disease.

Target	Protein	Its drugs that act on it	Mechanisms	Highest stage of those drugs	Gene in Genes	Source
PDCD1	Programmed cell death protein 1	4	Programmed cell death protein 1 antagonist; Programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitor	Approval	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/5133	Drugs and targets
CD274	Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1	3	Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 inhibitor; Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 other	Approval	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/29126	Drugs and targets
SSTR2	Somatostatin receptor	3	Somatostatin receptor 2 agonist; Somatostatin receptor binding agent	Phase 2	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/6752	Drugs and targets
SSTR5	Somatostatin receptor	3	Somatostatin receptor 5 agonist; Somatostatin receptor binding agent	Phase 2	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/6755	Drugs and targets
CTLA4	Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4	2	Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4 inhibitor	Phase 2	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/1493	Drugs and targets
KDR	Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor	2	Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 inhibitor; Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor	Phase 2	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/3791	Drugs and targets
SSTR1	Somatostatin receptor	2	Somatostatin receptor 1 agonist; Somatostatin receptor binding agent	Phase 2	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/6751	Drugs and targets
SSTR3	Somatostatin receptor	2	Somatostatin receptor 3 agonist; Somatostatin receptor binding agent	Phase 2	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/6753	Drugs and targets
TUBA1A	Tubulin	2	Tubulin inhibitor	Phase 2	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/7846	Drugs and targets
TUBA1B	Tubulin	2	Tubulin inhibitor	Phase 2	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/10376	Drugs and targets

1 to 10 of 68

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Trials71

Trials an Open Targets clinical report links to the disease, posted results first, then the largest. A trial is shown when the release's checks confirm its link to the disease and Drugs and targets shows its link to one of the disease's drugs. 1 more is not shown, since the checks do not confirm it.

Trial	Title	Phase	Participants	Results first posted	Conditions	Drugs	Linked by	Source
NCT02488759	An Investigational Immuno-therapy Study to Investigate the Safety and Effectiveness of Nivolumab, and Nivolumab Combination Therapy in Virus-associated Tumors	Phase 1/2	578	2022-04-12	Various Advanced Cancer	DARATUMUMAB, IPILIMUMAB, NIVOLUMAB, RELATLIMAB	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02155647	Avelumab in Participants With Merkel Cell Carcinoma (JAVELIN Merkel 200)	Phase 2	204	2020-07-22	Carcinoma, Merkel Cell	AVELUMAB	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03599713	A Study of INCMGA00012 in Metastatic Merkel Cell Carcinoma (POD1UM-201)	Phase 2	107	2023-05-03	Metastatic Merkel Cell Carcinoma	RETIFANLIMAB	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03435640	REVEAL Study of NKTR-262 in Combination With NKTR-214 and Nivolumab in Patients With Locally Advanced / Metastatic Solid Tumor Malignancies	Phase 1/2	64	2023-03-08	Melanoma, Merkel Cell Carcinoma, Triple Negative Breast Cancer, Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Renal Cell Carcinoma, Colorectal Cancer, Sarcoma	BEMPEGALDESLEUKIN, NIVOLUMAB	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02643303	A Study of Tremelimumab and IV Durvalumab Plus Poly-ICLC in Subjects With Biopsy-accessible Cancers	Phase 1/2	58	2022-12-02	Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Breast Cancer, Sarcoma, Merkel Cell Carcinoma, Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma, Melanoma, Renal Cancer, Bladder Cancer, Prostate Cancer, Testicular Cancer, Solid Tumor	DURVALUMAB, HILTONOL, TREMELIMUMAB	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03783078	Pembrolizumab (MK-3475) as First-line Therapy for Advanced Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MK-3475-913)	Phase 3	55	2023-02-17	Merkel Cell Carcinoma	PEMBROLIZUMAB	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02267603	Pembrolizumab in Treating Patients With Advanced Merkel Cell Cancer	Phase 2	50	2019-03-01	Recurrent Merkel Cell Carcinoma, Stage III Merkel Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7, Stage IIIA Merkel Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7, Stage IIIB Merkel Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7, Stage IV Merkel Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7	PEMBROLIZUMAB	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03071406	Randomized Study of Nivolumab+Ipilimumab+/- SBRT for Metastatic Merkel Cell Carcinoma	Phase 2	50	2023-05-19	Merkel Cell Carcinoma, Skin Cancer	IPILIMUMAB, NIVOLUMAB	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03901573	High-Risk Skin Cancers With Atezolizumab Plus NT-I7	Phase 1/2	31	2025-10-22	Melanoma, Merkel Cell Carcinoma, Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma	ATEZOLIZUMAB, EFINEPTAKIN ALFA	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02819843	A Study of T-VEC (Talimogene Laherparepvec) With or Without Radiotherapy for Melanoma, Merkel Cell Carcinoma, or Other Solid Tumors	Phase 2	19	2025-01-29	Melanoma, Merkel Cell Carcinoma, Other Solid Tumors	TALIMOGENE LAHERPAREPVEC	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov

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Comparisons in its trials27

Comparisons Trial comparisons calculated in the trials shown here, most participants first. A comparison in one of these trials does not always compare a treatment for the disease, so read the two groups.

Comparison	Group 1, with the outcome	Group 2, with the outcome	Participants	Trial	Source
Part A: Avelumab vs Part B: Avelumab: deaths from any cause	63 of 88	72 of 116	204	NCT02155647	Trial comparisons
Part A: Avelumab vs Part B: Avelumab: serious adverse events	48 of 88	58 of 116	204	NCT02155647	Trial comparisons
Chemotherapy: Naïve vs Chemotherapy: Refractory: Number of Participants With Any Treatment-emergent Adverse Event (TEAE)	92 of 101	5 of 6	107	NCT03599713	Trial comparisons
Arm A: Nivolumab + Ipilimumab vs Arm B: Nivolumab + Ipilimumab + SBRT: deaths from any cause	11 of 25	15 of 25	50	NCT03071406	Trial comparisons
Arm A: Nivolumab + Ipilimumab vs Arm B: Nivolumab + Ipilimumab + SBRT: serious adverse events	13 of 25	13 of 25	50	NCT03071406	Trial comparisons
Arm A: Nivolumab + Ipilimumab vs Arm B: Nivolumab + Ipilimumab + SBRT: Best Overall Response	18 of 25	12 of 23	48	NCT03071406	Trial comparisons
Intralesional TALIMOGENE LAHERPAREPVEC Without Radiotherapy vs Intralesional TALIMOGENE LAHERPAREPVEC With Radiotherapy: deaths from any cause	8 of 9	9 of 10	19	NCT02819843	Trial comparisons
Intralesional TALIMOGENE LAHERPAREPVEC Without Radiotherapy vs Intralesional TALIMOGENE LAHERPAREPVEC With Radiotherapy: serious adverse events	0 of 9	0 of 10	19	NCT02819843	Trial comparisons
Cohort A: Tavo-EP vs Cohort B: Tavo-EP: serious adverse events	0 of 3	1 of 12	15	NCT01440816	Trial comparisons
Dose Level 1: MLN01283 3 mg (Phase 1) vs Dose Level 2: MLN01283 4 mg (Phase 1): Number of Participants With Objective Response (OR) [Phase 1]	0 of 4	0 of 5	9	NCT02514824	Trial comparisons

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Papers from its trials41

The papers the trials shown here list on ClinicalTrials.gov as their results (RESULT) or as drawn from them (DERIVED), results first, newest first.

PMID	Listed as	Trials listing it	Source
39377880	RESULT	1	PubMed
33219092	RESULT	1	PubMed
32938212	RESULT	1	PubMed
32472503	RESULT	1	PubMed
32414862	RESULT	1	PubMed
29566106	RESULT	1	PubMed
29512061	RESULT	1	PubMed
29445030	RESULT	1	PubMed
29347993	RESULT	1	PubMed
29273043	RESULT	1	PubMed

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Data dates

The date of each source this release read.

Open Targets: 2026-09-18; Open Targets
Drug links and their checks, from Drugs and targets: 2026-09-18; Drugs and targets
ClinicalTrials.gov, from Trials: 2026-11-12; Trials
Comparisons, from Trial comparisons: 2026-03-23; Trial comparisons
PubMed, for the checks: 2026-11-06; PubMed
MeSH, for the checks: 2026-11-10; MeSH

Sources 6

ClinicalTrials.gov's posted results, through CTTI's AACTFreely available. Acknowledgement requested
ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0
ClinicalTrials.govNo license stated
NLM's MeSHNLM's terms
Open TargetsCC0 1.0
PubMedNLM's terms

Each source's terms

ClinicalTrials.gov's posted results, through CTTI's AACTClinicalTrials.gov data via Aggregate Analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov (AACT), CTTI. CTTI makes its materials freely available and requests acknowledgement. https://aact.ctti-clinicaltrials.org/documentation/299
ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0, for the parts from ChEMBL. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
ClinicalTrials.govnone stated
NLM's MeSHNLM's
Open TargetsCC0 1.0. Open Targets asks that users cite its latest paper: Buniello et al. 2025, Open Targets Platform: facilitating therapeutic hypotheses building in drug discovery, Nucleic Acids Research 53(D1):D1467, PMID 39657122. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
PubMedNLM's terms

ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.

For software

Read this disease from software.

The record and each of its lists are JSON, twenty rows a page. No key.

GET https://conductscience.org/api/diseases/v1/EFO_1001471

GET https://conductscience.org/api/diseases/v1/EFO_1001471/drugs?page=2

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