Drug · CHEMBL1431
METFORMIN
7 sourcespipelines-2026-09-18-0.3.1
Cite this record
ConductScience Library. METFORMIN. Drugs and targets, record CHEMBL1431. Release pipelines-2026-09-18-0.3.1, 18 Sept 2026. https://conductscience.org/library/drugs/CHEMBL1431
On this page
Drug
Names and IDs as ChEMBL gives them, through Open Targets.
- Open Targets' highest stage
- Approval, for 2 of its 247 diseases, from ATC, EMA Human Drugs and TTD
- Open Targets
Targets51
The targets ChEMBL's mechanism records give for the drug, through Open Targets. A mechanism record says what the drug acts on, not how strongly.
| Target | Protein | Mechanism | Action | Gene in Genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| COXFA4 | Mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) | Mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) inhibitor | INHIBITOR | https://conductscience.org/library/genes/4697 |
| COXFA4L2 | Mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) | Mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) inhibitor | INHIBITOR | https://conductscience.org/library/genes/56901 |
| GPD2 | Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial | Mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor | INHIBITOR | https://conductscience.org/library/genes/2820 |
| MT-ND1 | Mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) | Mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) inhibitor | INHIBITOR | https://conductscience.org/library/genes/4535 |
| MT-ND2 | Mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) | Mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) inhibitor | INHIBITOR | https://conductscience.org/library/genes/4536 |
| MT-ND3 | Mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) | Mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) inhibitor | INHIBITOR | https://conductscience.org/library/genes/4537 |
| MT-ND4 | Mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) | Mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) inhibitor | INHIBITOR | https://conductscience.org/library/genes/4538 |
| MT-ND4L | Mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) | Mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) inhibitor | INHIBITOR | https://conductscience.org/library/genes/4539 |
| MT-ND5 | Mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) | Mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) inhibitor | INHIBITOR | https://conductscience.org/library/genes/4540 |
| MT-ND6 | Mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) | Mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) inhibitor | INHIBITOR | https://conductscience.org/library/genes/4541 |
1 to 10 of 51Source ChEMBL
See all 51 targetsDiseases247
The diseases Open Targets' clinical reports study the drug for, the most trial reports first. The stage is Open Targets', the highest any of its sources reports for the pair, and each row names the sources that report it.
1 to 10 of 247Source Open Targets
See all 247 diseasesTrials1,918
Trials whose record names the drug by a name ChEMBL states, posted results first, then the largest. Open Targets read each trial's text to find its drugs. 2 more rest on that reading alone and are shown because the trials' posted result groups or NLM's indexing of their papers name the drug. 12 more that Open Targets linked to it are not shown, since the release's checks do not confirm them.
| Trial | Title | Phase | Participants | Results first posted | Named as | Linked by | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT04885530 | ACTIV-6: COVID-19 Study of Repurposed Medications | Phase 3 | 10,956 | 2025-11-17 | metformin | Its name | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| NCT00000620 | Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) | Phase 3 | 10,251 | 2014-09-15 | anti-hyperglycemic agents | Open Targets' reading, confirmed by NLM's indexing of its papers | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| NCT00379769 | RECORD: Rosiglitazone Evaluated for Cardiac Outcomes and Regulation of Glycaemia in Diabetes | Phase 3 | 4,447 | 2009-11-13 | metformin | Its name | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| NCT01101438 | A Phase III Randomized Trial of Metformin vs Placebo in Early Stage Breast Cancer | Phase 3 | 3,649 | 2022-10-18 | metformin | Its name | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| NCT06042855 | ACTIV-6: COVID-19 Study of Repurposed Medications - Arm G (Metformin) | Phase 3 | 3,214 | 2025-07-20 | metformin | Its name | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| NCT00038727 | Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study | Phase 3 | 2,779 | 2017-10-24 | metformin | Its name | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| NCT00856284 | Efficacy and Safety of Alogliptin Plus Metformin Compared to Glipizide Plus Metformin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus | Phase 3 | 2,639 | 2013-12-03 | metformin | Its name | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| NCT01481116 | Efficacy and Safety of TAK-875 Compared to Glimepiride When Used With Metformin in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes | Phase 3 | 2,454 | 2016-06-01 | metformin | Its name | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| NCT00006305 | Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation in Type 2 Diabetes | Phase 3 | 2,368 | 2011-05-12 | biguanides | Open Targets' reading, confirmed by NLM's indexing of its papers | ClinicalTrials.gov |
| NCT01528254 | VERIFY:A Study to Compare Combination Regimen With Vildagliptin & Metformin Versus Metformin in Treatment-naïve Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus | Phase 4 | 2,004 | 2020-04-15 | metformin | Its name | ClinicalTrials.gov |
1 to 10 of 1,918
See all 1,918 trialsComparisons in its trials453
Comparisons Trial comparisons calculated in the trials whose record names the drug, most participants first. A comparison in one of its trials does not always compare the drug, so read the two groups.
| Comparison | Group 1, with the outcome | Group 2, with the outcome | Participants | Trial | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Combined RSG vs Combined MET/SU: Independent Re-adjudication Outcome: Number of Participants With a CV (or Unknown) Death, Based on Contemporary Endpoint Definitions | 88 of 2,220 | 96 of 2,227 | 4,447 | NCT00379769 | Trial comparisons |
| Combined RSG vs Combined MET/SU: Independent Re-adjudication Outcome: Number of Participants (Par.) With an Event of Stroke (Fatal and Non-fatal), Based on Original RECORD Endpoint Definitions | 50 of 2,220 | 63 of 2,227 | 4,447 | NCT00379769 | Trial comparisons |
| Combined RSG vs Combined MET/SU: Independent Re-adjudication Outcome: Number of Participants With a CV (or Unknown) Death, Based on Original RECORD Endpoint Definitions | 88 of 2,220 | 96 of 2,227 | 4,447 | NCT00379769 | Trial comparisons |
| Combined RSG vs Combined MET/SU: Independent Re-adjudication Outcome: Number of Participants With an Event of Myocardial Infarction (Fatal and Non-fatal), Based on Original RECORD Endpoint Definitions | 68 of 2,220 | 60 of 2,227 | 4,447 | NCT00379769 | Trial comparisons |
Combined RSG vs Combined MET/SU: Independent Re-adjudication Outcome: Number of Participants With a First Occurrence of a Major Adverse Cardiovascular Event (MACE) Defined as CV (or Unknown) Death, Non-fatal MI, and Non-fatal Stroke Based on Contemporary Endpoint Definitions | 186 of 2,220 | 191 of 2,227 | 4,447 | NCT00379769 | Trial comparisons |
Combined RSG vs Combined MET/SU: Independent Re-adjudication (IR) Outcome: Number of Participants With a First Occurrence of a Major Adverse Cardiovascular Event (MACE) Defined as CV (or Unknown) Death, Non-fatal MI, and Non-fatal Stroke Based on Original RECORD Endpoint Definitions | 181 of 2,220 | 188 of 2,227 | 4,447 | NCT00379769 | Trial comparisons |
| Combined RSG vs Combined MET/SU: Number of Participants With Cardiovascular Death/Cardiovascular Hospitalisation Events | 321 of 2,220 | 323 of 2,227 | 4,447 | NCT00379769 | Trial comparisons |
| Combined RSG vs Combined MET/SU: Independent Re-adjudication Outcome: Number of Participants With an Event of Myocardial Infarction (Fatal and Non-fatal), Based on Contemporary Endpoint Definitions | 72 of 2,220 | 62 of 2,227 | 4,447 | NCT00379769 | Trial comparisons |
| Combined RSG vs Combined MET/SU: Independent Re-adjudication Outcome: Number of Participants Who Died Due to Any Cause | 139 of 2,220 | 160 of 2,227 | 4,447 | NCT00379769 | Trial comparisons |
Combined RSG: Main Study and Observational Follow-up vs Combined MET/SU: Main Study and Observational Follow-up: Number of Participants With an Event of Death Due to a Bone Fracture-related Event: Main Study + Observational Follow-up Combined | 0 of 2,220 | 0 of 2,227 | 4,447 | NCT00379769 | Trial comparisons |
1 to 10 of 453
See all 453 comparisons in its trialsPapers from its trials1,514
The papers the trials whose record names the drug list on ClinicalTrials.gov as their results (RESULT) or as drawn from them (DERIVED), results first, newest first.
Tests in its trials28
The tests ConductCognition runs that the trials whose record names the drug name in their registered outcomes, as ScienceGraph matched them. ConductCognition's list names the tests it runs, not every test a trial used.
| Test | Trials naming it as an outcome | As a primary outcome | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Verbal Learning | 9 | 4 | ConductCognition |
| Symbol Coding | 6 | 2 | ConductCognition |
| Trail Making Test B | 4 | 2 | ConductCognition |
| Rapid Visual Information Processing | 3 | 1 | ConductCognition |
| Short Story Recall | 3 | 2 | ConductCognition |
| Stroop Color-Word Test | 3 | 3 | ConductCognition |
| Dimensional Change Card Sort | 2 | 0 | ConductCognition |
| Category Fluency | 2 | 1 | ConductCognition |
| Digit Span Test | 2 | 2 | ConductCognition |
| Picture Order Memory Test | 2 | 0 | ConductCognition |
1 to 10 of 28
See all 28 tests in its trialsData dates
The date of each source this release read.
Sources 7
- ClinicalTrials.gov's posted results, through CTTI's AACTFreely available. Acknowledgement requested
- ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0
- ConductCognition's list of its testsOur own data
- ClinicalTrials.govNo license stated
- NLM's MeSHNLM's terms
- Open TargetsCC0 1.0
- PubMedNLM's terms
Each source's terms
- ClinicalTrials.gov's posted results, through CTTI's AACTClinicalTrials.gov data via Aggregate Analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov (AACT), CTTI. CTTI makes its materials freely available and requests acknowledgement. https://aact.ctti-clinicaltrials.org/documentation/299
- ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0, for the parts from ChEMBL. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
- ConductCognition's list of its testsOur own data: ConductCognition's list of its tests, https://conductcognition.com
- ClinicalTrials.govnone stated
- NLM's MeSHNLM's
- Open TargetsCC0 1.0. Open Targets asks that users cite its latest paper: Buniello et al. 2025, Open Targets Platform: facilitating therapeutic hypotheses building in drug discovery, Nucleic Acids Research 53(D1):D1467, PMID 39657122. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
- PubMedNLM's terms
ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.
For software
Read this drug from software.
The record and each of its lists are JSON, twenty rows a page. No key.
GET https://conductscience.org/api/drugs/v1/CHEMBL1431
GET https://conductscience.org/api/drugs/v1/CHEMBL1431/targets?page=2