Disease · HP_0002069

Bilateral tonic-clonic seizure

6 sourcesdiseases-2026-09-18-0.1.0

Cite this record

ConductScience Library. Bilateral tonic-clonic seizure. Diseases, record HP_0002069. Release diseases-2026-09-18-0.1.0, 18 Sept 2026. https://conductscience.org/library/diseases/HP_0002069

On this page

Disease

Names and IDs as Open Targets gives them. Its IDs in MeSH, Orphanet, the Disease Ontology and the NCI Thesaurus are those Open Targets states for it.

Name: Bilateral tonic-clonic seizure
Open Targets ID: HP_0002069
Other names: Bilateral convulsive seizures, Generalised convulsion, Generalised tonic-clonic seizure (without specification of onset), Generalized convulsion, Generalized tonic-clonic seizure (without specification of onset), Grand mal, Grand mal seizures, Seizures, tonic-clonic, Tonic-clonic convulsion, Tonic-clonic convulsions
Highest stage of its drugs: Approval, for 3 of its 5 drugs, from DailyMed and PMDA

Source Open Targets

Drugs5

The drugs Open Targets' clinical reports study for the disease, the highest stage first, then the most trial reports. The stage is Open Targets', the highest any of its sources reports for the pair, and each row names the sources that report it.

Drug	ChEMBL ID	Type	Open Targets' stage	Stage reported by	Reports	Of them trials	Trials shown here	Source
LEVETIRACETAM	CHEMBL1286	Small molecule	Approval	DailyMed	83	3	3	Drugs and targets
LAMOTRIGINE	CHEMBL741	Small molecule	Approval	DailyMed and PMDA	2	0	0	Drugs and targets
STIRIPENTOL	CHEMBL1983350	Small molecule	Approval	PMDA	1	0	0	Drugs and targets
AZETUKALNER	CHEMBL5095264	Small molecule	Phase 3	ClinicalTrials.gov	1	1	1	Drugs and targets
LACOSAMIDE	CHEMBL58323	Small molecule	Phase 3	ClinicalTrials.gov	1	1	1	Drugs and targets

Targets12

The targets ChEMBL's mechanism records give for the disease's drugs, through Open Targets, the most drugs first. A mechanism record says what a drug acts on, not that the target causes the disease.

Target	Protein	Its drugs that act on it	Mechanisms	Highest stage of those drugs	Gene in Genes	Source
SCN10A	Sodium channel alpha subunit	2	Sodium channel alpha subunit blocker	Approval	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/6336	Drugs and targets
SCN11A	Sodium channel alpha subunit	2	Sodium channel alpha subunit blocker	Approval	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/11280	Drugs and targets
SCN1A	Sodium channel alpha subunit	2	Sodium channel alpha subunit blocker	Approval	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/6323	Drugs and targets
SCN2A	Sodium channel alpha subunit	2	Sodium channel alpha subunit blocker	Approval	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/6326	Drugs and targets
SCN3A	Sodium channel alpha subunit	2	Sodium channel alpha subunit blocker	Approval	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/6328	Drugs and targets
SCN4A	Sodium channel alpha subunit	2	Sodium channel alpha subunit blocker	Approval	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/6329	Drugs and targets
SCN5A	Sodium channel alpha subunit	2	Sodium channel alpha subunit blocker	Approval	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/6331	Drugs and targets
SCN7A	Sodium channel alpha subunit	2	Sodium channel alpha subunit blocker	Approval	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/6332	Drugs and targets
SCN8A	Sodium channel alpha subunit	2	Sodium channel alpha subunit blocker	Approval	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/6334	Drugs and targets
SCN9A	Sodium channel alpha subunit	2	Sodium channel alpha subunit blocker	Approval	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/6335	Drugs and targets

1 to 10 of 12

See all 12 targets

Trials5

Trials an Open Targets clinical report links to the disease, posted results first, then the largest. A trial is shown when the release's checks confirm its link to the disease and Drugs and targets shows its link to one of the disease's drugs.

Trial	Title	Phase	Participants	Results first posted	Conditions	Drugs	Linked by	Source
NCT01228747	A Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study of Levetiracetam in Epilepsy Patients With Generalized Tonic-clonic Seizures (Except Partial Seizures Evolving to Secondarily Generalized Seizures)	Phase 3	361	2015-05-13	Epilepsy, Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures	LEVETIRACETAM	Open Targets' reading of its record	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02582866	A Clinical Study to Investigate the Long-term Use of Lacosamide as Monotherapy in Subjects Who Completed Study SP0994	Phase 3	106	2021-01-22	Epilepsy	LACOSAMIDE	Open Targets' reading of its record	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01292837	A Study of Levetiracetam in Japanese Pediatric Patients With Generalized Tonic-clonic Seizures	Phase 3	13	2014-08-12	Epilepsy, Generalized Tonic-clonic Seizures	LEVETIRACETAM	Open Targets' reading of its record	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00150748	Long Term Follow up Treatment With Levetiracetam in Subjects of 4 Years and Older With Generalized Epilepsy	Phase 3	217		Generalized Epilepsy	LEVETIRACETAM	Open Targets' reading of its record	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05667142	A Study to Evaluate XEN1101 as Adjunctive Therapy in Primary Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures	Phase 3	160		Primary Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures	AZETUKALNER	Open Targets' reading of its record	ClinicalTrials.gov

Comparisons in its trials4

Comparisons Trial comparisons calculated in the trials shown here, most participants first. A comparison in one of these trials does not always compare a treatment for the disease, so read the two groups.

Comparison	Group 1, with the outcome	Group 2, with the outcome	Participants	Trial	Source
Levetiracetam vs Placebo: serious adverse events	1 of 126	4 of 125	251	NCT01228747	Trial comparisons
Levetiracetam vs Placebo: Generalized Tonic-clonic Seizures 50 % Responder Rate (the Proportion of Subjects With 50 % or More Reduction From the Combined Baseline in the Frequency of Generalized Tonic-clonic Seizures) During the Treatment Period	91 of 117	31 of 109	226	NCT01228747	Trial comparisons
Levetiracetam vs Placebo: Generalized Tonic-clonic Seizures 50 % Responder Rate (the Proportion of Subjects With 50 % or More Reduction From the Combined Baseline in the Frequency of Generalized Tonic-clonic Seizures) During the Evaluation Period	82 of 108	33 of 97	205	NCT01228747	Trial comparisons
Levetiracetam vs Placebo: Generalized Tonic-clonic Seizure Freedom Over the Evaluation Period	32 of 108	3 of 97	205	NCT01228747	Trial comparisons

Papers from its trials4

The papers the trials shown here list on ClinicalTrials.gov as their results (RESULT) or as drawn from them (DERIVED), results first, newest first.

PMID	Listed as	Trials listing it	Source
34265173	RESULT	1	PubMed
34246118	RESULT	1	PubMed
30525116	RESULT	1	PubMed
22050371	DERIVED	1	PubMed

Data dates

The date of each source this release read.

Open Targets: 2026-09-18; Open Targets
Drug links and their checks, from Drugs and targets: 2026-09-18; Drugs and targets
ClinicalTrials.gov, from Trials: 2026-11-12; Trials
Comparisons, from Trial comparisons: 2026-03-23; Trial comparisons
PubMed, for the checks: 2026-11-06; PubMed
MeSH, for the checks: 2026-11-10; MeSH

Sources 6

ClinicalTrials.gov's posted results, through CTTI's AACTFreely available. Acknowledgement requested
ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0
ClinicalTrials.govNo license stated
NLM's MeSHNLM's terms
Open TargetsCC0 1.0
PubMedNLM's terms

Each source's terms

ClinicalTrials.gov's posted results, through CTTI's AACTClinicalTrials.gov data via Aggregate Analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov (AACT), CTTI. CTTI makes its materials freely available and requests acknowledgement. https://aact.ctti-clinicaltrials.org/documentation/299
ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0, for the parts from ChEMBL. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
ClinicalTrials.govnone stated
NLM's MeSHNLM's
Open TargetsCC0 1.0. Open Targets asks that users cite its latest paper: Buniello et al. 2025, Open Targets Platform: facilitating therapeutic hypotheses building in drug discovery, Nucleic Acids Research 53(D1):D1467, PMID 39657122. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
PubMedNLM's terms

ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.

For software

Read this disease from software.

The record and each of its lists are JSON, twenty rows a page. No key.

GET https://conductscience.org/api/diseases/v1/HP_0002069

GET https://conductscience.org/api/diseases/v1/HP_0002069/drugs

API reference For AI assistants