Disease · EFO_0009868

sedation

6 sourcesdiseases-2026-09-18-0.1.0

Cite this record

ConductScience Library. sedation. Diseases, record EFO_0009868. Release diseases-2026-09-18-0.1.0, 18 Sept 2026. https://conductscience.org/library/diseases/EFO_0009868

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Disease

Names and IDs as Open Targets gives them. Its IDs in MeSH, Orphanet, the Disease Ontology and the NCI Thesaurus are those Open Targets states for it.

Name: sedation; Open Targets
Open Targets ID: EFO_0009868; Open Targets
NCI Thesaurus: C21097; NCI Thesaurus
Highest stage of its drugs: Phase 3, for 17 of its 30 drugs, from ClinicalTrials.gov; Open Targets

Drugs30

The drugs Open Targets' clinical reports study for the disease, the highest stage first, then the most trial reports. The stage is Open Targets', the highest any of its sources reports for the pair, and each row names the sources that report it.

Drug	ChEMBL ID	Type	Open Targets' stage	Stage reported by	Reports	Of them trials	Trials shown here	Source
PROPOFOL	CHEMBL526	Small molecule	Phase 3	ClinicalTrials.gov	39	39	39	Drugs and targets
DEXMEDETOMIDINE	CHEMBL778	Small molecule	Phase 3	ClinicalTrials.gov	35	35	35	Drugs and targets
MIDAZOLAM	CHEMBL655	Small molecule	Phase 3	ClinicalTrials.gov	26	26	26	Drugs and targets
FENTANYL	CHEMBL596	Small molecule	Phase 3	ClinicalTrials.gov	9	9	9	Drugs and targets
REMIMAZOLAM BESYLATE	CHEMBL4594301	Small molecule	Phase 3	ClinicalTrials.gov	8	8	8	Drugs and targets
CIPEPOFOL	CHEMBL4094894	Small molecule	Phase 3	ClinicalTrials.gov	7	7	7	Drugs and targets
ISOFLURANE	CHEMBL1256	Small molecule	Phase 3	ClinicalTrials.gov	7	7	7	Drugs and targets
KETAMINE	CHEMBL742	Small molecule	Phase 3	ClinicalTrials.gov	7	7	7	Drugs and targets
REMIMAZOLAM	CHEMBL4297526	Small molecule	Phase 3	ClinicalTrials.gov	7	7	7	Drugs and targets
REMIFENTANIL	CHEMBL1005	Small molecule	Phase 3	ClinicalTrials.gov	6	6	6	Drugs and targets

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Targets44

The targets ChEMBL's mechanism records give for the disease's drugs, through Open Targets, the most drugs first. A mechanism record says what a drug acts on, not that the target causes the disease.

Target	Protein	Its drugs that act on it	Mechanisms	Highest stage of those drugs	Gene in Genes	Source
GABRA2	GABA-A receptor; anion channel	13	GABA receptor alpha-2 subunit positive allosteric modulator; GABA-A receptor; anion channel agonist; GABA-A receptor; anion channel allosteric antagonist; GABA-A receptor; anion channel positive allosteric modulator; GABA-A receptor; anion channel positive modulator	Phase 3	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/2555	Drugs and targets
GABRA3	GABA-A receptor; anion channel	13	GABA receptor alpha-3 subunit positive allosteric modulator; GABA-A receptor; anion channel agonist; GABA-A receptor; anion channel allosteric antagonist; GABA-A receptor; anion channel positive allosteric modulator; GABA-A receptor; anion channel positive modulator	Phase 3	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/2556	Drugs and targets
GABRA1	GABA-A receptor; anion channel	12	GABA-A receptor; anion channel agonist; GABA-A receptor; anion channel allosteric antagonist; GABA-A receptor; anion channel positive allosteric modulator; GABA-A receptor; anion channel positive modulator	Phase 3	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/2554	Drugs and targets
GABRA4	GABA-A receptor; anion channel	12	GABA-A receptor; anion channel agonist; GABA-A receptor; anion channel allosteric antagonist; GABA-A receptor; anion channel positive allosteric modulator; GABA-A receptor; anion channel positive modulator	Phase 3	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/2557	Drugs and targets
GABRA5	GABA-A receptor; anion channel	12	GABA-A receptor; anion channel agonist; GABA-A receptor; anion channel allosteric antagonist; GABA-A receptor; anion channel positive allosteric modulator; GABA-A receptor; anion channel positive modulator	Phase 3	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/2558	Drugs and targets
GABRA6	GABA-A receptor; anion channel	12	GABA-A receptor; anion channel agonist; GABA-A receptor; anion channel allosteric antagonist; GABA-A receptor; anion channel positive allosteric modulator; GABA-A receptor; anion channel positive modulator	Phase 3	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/2559	Drugs and targets
GABRB1	GABA-A receptor; anion channel	12	GABA-A receptor; anion channel agonist; GABA-A receptor; anion channel allosteric antagonist; GABA-A receptor; anion channel positive allosteric modulator; GABA-A receptor; anion channel positive modulator	Phase 3	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/2560	Drugs and targets
GABRB2	GABA-A receptor; anion channel	12	GABA-A receptor; anion channel agonist; GABA-A receptor; anion channel allosteric antagonist; GABA-A receptor; anion channel positive allosteric modulator; GABA-A receptor; anion channel positive modulator	Phase 3	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/2561	Drugs and targets
GABRB3	GABA-A receptor; anion channel	12	GABA-A receptor; anion channel agonist; GABA-A receptor; anion channel allosteric antagonist; GABA-A receptor; anion channel positive allosteric modulator; GABA-A receptor; anion channel positive modulator	Phase 3	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/2562	Drugs and targets
GABRD	GABA-A receptor; anion channel	12	GABA-A receptor; anion channel agonist; GABA-A receptor; anion channel allosteric antagonist; GABA-A receptor; anion channel positive allosteric modulator; GABA-A receptor; anion channel positive modulator	Phase 3	https://conductscience.org/library/genes/2563	Drugs and targets

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Trials116

Trials an Open Targets clinical report links to the disease, posted results first, then the largest. A trial is shown when the release's checks confirm its link to the disease and Drugs and targets shows its link to one of the disease's drugs.

Trial	Title	Phase	Participants	Results first posted	Conditions	Drugs	Linked by	Source
NCT05327296	Efficacy and Safety of Inhaled Isoflurane Delivered Via the Sedaconda ACD-S Compared to Intravenous Propofol for Sedation of Mechanically Ventilated Intensive Care Unit Adult Patients (INSPiRE-ICU2)	Phase 3	282	2026-03-03	Sedation	ISOFLURANE, PROPOFOL	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00675909	Improving Sedation of Children Undergoing Procedures in the Emergency Department	Not applicable	180	2012-06-07	Anxiety	MIDAZOLAM	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00875550	Study Evaluating Safety and Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine (DEX) in Intubated and Mechanically Ventilated Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) Subjects	Phase 3	175	2014-10-30	Sedation	DEXMEDETOMIDINE, MIDAZOLAM	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00209560	A Study of AQUAVAN® Injection in the Presence of Pre-Medication in Patients Undergoing Minor Surgical Procedures	Phase 3	168	2012-06-19	Arthroscopy, Bunionectomy, Osteotomy, Carpal Tunnel	FOSPROPOFOL DISODIUM	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01438957	Clinical Study to Investigate the Efficacy and the Safety of DA-9501 in Sedation During the Surgery With Epidural Anesthesia or Spinal Anesthesia Without Intubation	Phase 3	119	2021-03-22	Sedation	DEXMEDETOMIDINE	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04040439	Precedex Special Investigation (in Pediatric Patients)		111	2024-02-16	Sedation	DEXMEDETOMIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01948908	Volumes of Administration for Intranasal Midazolam	Phase 2	99	2016-05-05	Children Requiring Sedation to Facilitate Laceration Repair	MIDAZOLAM	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04684238	Effect & Safety of Inhaled Isoflurane vs IV Midazolam for Sedation in Mechanically Ventilated Children 3-17 Years Old	Phase 3	94	2025-05-25	Sedation	ISOFLURANE, MIDAZOLAM	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT01169467	Cerebral Perfusion Pressure Using Precedex and Other Sedatives	Phase 3	89	2015-11-02	Endotracheal Intubation, Continuous IV Sedation, ICP Monitoring	DEXMEDETOMIDINE	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00652028	Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Dexmedetomidine in Pediatrics Subjects	Phase 2	69	2015-08-14	Intubated and Mechanically Ventilated Pediatric Subjects	DEXMEDETOMIDINE	Its record names the disease	ClinicalTrials.gov

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Comparisons in its trials18

Comparisons Trial comparisons calculated in the trials shown here, most participants first. A comparison in one of these trials does not always compare a treatment for the disease, so read the two groups.

Comparison	Group 1, with the outcome	Group 2, with the outcome	Participants	Trial	Source
Isoflurane vs Propofol: Other Secondary: The Effect of Isoflurane vs Propofol on Mortality at 3 Months After Randomization	52 of 173	27 of 87	260	NCT05327296	Trial comparisons
Isoflurane (Run-ins and Randomized) vs Propofol: Other Secondary: The Effect of Isoflurane vs Propofol on Mortality at 30 Days After Randomization	39 of 173	21 of 87	260	NCT05327296	Trial comparisons
Isoflurane (Run-ins and Randomized) vs Propofol: Other Secondary: The Use of Restraints in Patients Receiving Isoflurane vs Propofol	138 of 173	73 of 87	260	NCT05327296	Trial comparisons
Isoflurane (Run-ins and Randomized) vs Propofol: deaths from any cause	58 of 173	34 of 87	260	NCT05327296	Trial comparisons
Isoflurane vs Propofol: Other Secondary: The Effect of Isoflurane vs Propofol on Mortality at 6 Months After Randomization	58 of 173	34 of 87	260	NCT05327296	Trial comparisons
Isoflurane (Run-ins and Randomized) vs Propofol: serious adverse events	33 of 173	24 of 87	260	NCT05327296	Trial comparisons
Dexmedetomidine Low Dose vs Dexmedetomidine High Dose: serious adverse events	1 of 89	1 of 86	175	NCT00875550	Trial comparisons
Fospropofol Disodium vs Midazolam: serious adverse events	1 of 121	0 of 42	163	NCT00209560	Trial comparisons
Drug: Midazolam vs Drug: Isoflurane: Compare the 30 Days/Hospital Mortality	2 of 33	0 of 61	94	NCT04684238	Trial comparisons
Drug: Midazolam vs Drug: Isoflurane: Evaluate the Frequency of Delirium	5 of 33	12 of 61	94	NCT04684238	Trial comparisons

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Papers from its trials54

The papers the trials shown here list on ClinicalTrials.gov as their results (RESULT) or as drawn from them (DERIVED), results first, newest first.

PMID	Listed as	Trials listing it	Source
30394067	RESULT	1	PubMed
29405671	RESULT	1	PubMed
29377404	RESULT	1	PubMed
29363517	RESULT	1	PubMed
28781452	RESULT	1	PubMed
28358177	RESULT	1	PubMed
28256816	RESULT	1	PubMed
27823876	RESULT	1	PubMed
27654816	RESULT	1	PubMed
26936022	RESULT	1	PubMed

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Data dates

The date of each source this release read.

Open Targets: 2026-09-18; Open Targets
Drug links and their checks, from Drugs and targets: 2026-09-18; Drugs and targets
ClinicalTrials.gov, from Trials: 2026-11-12; Trials
Comparisons, from Trial comparisons: 2026-03-23; Trial comparisons
PubMed, for the checks: 2026-11-06; PubMed
MeSH, for the checks: 2026-11-10; MeSH

Sources 6

ClinicalTrials.gov's posted results, through CTTI's AACTFreely available. Acknowledgement requested
ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0
ClinicalTrials.govNo license stated
NLM's MeSHNLM's terms
Open TargetsCC0 1.0
PubMedNLM's terms

Each source's terms

ClinicalTrials.gov's posted results, through CTTI's AACTClinicalTrials.gov data via Aggregate Analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov (AACT), CTTI. CTTI makes its materials freely available and requests acknowledgement. https://aact.ctti-clinicaltrials.org/documentation/299
ChEMBL, through Open TargetsCC BY-SA 3.0, for the parts from ChEMBL. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
ClinicalTrials.govnone stated
NLM's MeSHNLM's
Open TargetsCC0 1.0. Open Targets asks that users cite its latest paper: Buniello et al. 2025, Open Targets Platform: facilitating therapeutic hypotheses building in drug discovery, Nucleic Acids Research 53(D1):D1467, PMID 39657122. Read on 8 Nov 2026 at https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
PubMedNLM's terms

ClinicalTrials.gov's data carry an international copyright outside the United States: https://clinicaltrials.gov/about-site/terms-conditions.

For software

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The record and each of its lists are JSON, twenty rows a page. No key.

GET https://conductscience.org/api/diseases/v1/EFO_0009868

GET https://conductscience.org/api/diseases/v1/EFO_0009868/drugs?page=2

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